Habitat qualities versus long-term continuity as determinants of biodiversity in boreal old-growth swamp forests

Ohlson, Mikael; Söderström, Lars; Hörnberg, Greger; Zackrisson, Olle; Hermansson, Janolof

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(97)00001-3

Cited by 236 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ditches also provided habitats that were suitable for bryophytes, and especially liverworts, which occurred in initial habitats such as exposed mineral soils and at the same time for species that are typical for sites with well-developed vegetation. The strict correlation of bryophyte species diversification with habitat diversification has already been demonstrated by other authors ( _ Zarnowiec 1995;Ohlson et al 1997;Ingerpuu et al 2001;Macdonald 2004, 2005;Klama 2002;von Oheimb et al 2007;Madžule et al 2012). This dependence stems from the fact that many bryophytes are accustomed to specific types of substrates and microhabitats (Cole et al 2008;Madžule et al 2012;Evans et al 2012), and ditches provide different types of these.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

How do ditches contribute to bryophyte diversity in managed forests in East-Central Europe?

2016

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The study focuses on identifying and assessing the effect of the presence of drainage and roadside ditches on the diversity of bryophytes in managed forests. We compared the composition of moss and liverwort species, their richness and abundance in plots that are located in ditches as well as corresponding control plots in the surrounding forests with regard to the forest type (coniferous, mixed and deciduous). ANOVA demonstrated the pronounced impact that the presence of ditches in managed forests has on an increase in bryophyte species richness. A comparison of forest and ditch types using DCA pointed to a correlation between the number of deciduous trees in the stands and an increased dissimilarity of ditch bryophytes when compared to the bryophytes of the corresponding control plots. Using the ecological indicator values, CCA confirmed the special significance of ditch settlements for hygrophilous species, which at present cannot otherwise find favorable conditions in managed forests. The study proves that ditches, and especially those with intermittent pools of stagnant water, may become a significant source of microhabitat diversity. Their presence may provide a welcome preserve for rare and protected species that cannot find suitable substrates in managed forests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

How do ditches contribute to bryophyte diversity in managed forests in East-Central Europe?

2016

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“…The specialized dead-wood dependent species in boreal spruce swamp forests are largely from organism groups such as epiphytic lichens, mosses and hepatics, polypores and coleopterans (Kuusinen 1996, Ohlson et al 1997, Laaksonen et al 2008, Syrjänen et al 2010. Of these, mosses and hepatics were included in this study, although the sampling strategy was not designed to target the species of conservation value specifically.…”

Section: Biodiversity Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Undrained spruce swamp forests, especially those that exhibit high diversity of different surfaces relative to water table, sustain high site biodiversity (Hörnberg et al 1998(Hörnberg et al , Økland et al 2008). In the landscape scale, pristine spruce swamp forests with abundant dead wood provide habitats for specialized old-growth forest species that have become threatened in intensively managed forest landscapes (Ohlson et al 1997, Syrjänen et al 2010. Thus spruce swamp forest rewetting, in order to promote biodiversity, should create new wet microhabitats and dead-wood microhabitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of ecosystem structure and function in boreal spruce swamp forests

Maanavilja¹

2015

Diss. For.

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To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki, for public criticism in lecture room B2, B-building (Viikki Campus, Latokartanonkaari 7, Helsinki) on May 8 th 2015, at 12 o'clock noon. Drainage to increase timber production has drastically decreased the area of undrained spruce swamp forests in northern Europe. In restoration by rewetting, drainage ditches are blocked to restore the original hydrology and, ultimately, the structure, function and ecosystem services of undrained boreal spruce swamp forests. This study quantifies the restoration success of rewetting regarding plant community composition, moss community carbon assimilation potential, Sphagnum biomass production and surface peat biogeochemistry, and aims to determine the main controls of success. The study sites comprised 18 rewetted, nine undrained and nine drained spruce swamp forests in southern Finland, complemented by sites in the Šumava Mountains, Czech Republic. Drainage had taken place decades prior; the rewetted sites varied in their rewetting age from 1 to 15 years. The results show that rewetting has to raise the water table above a threshold to initiate any changes in the drained ecosystem. If the threshold is crossed, the changes that occur will be rapid. Two strands of development emerged throughout the different components of the ecosystem: development towards the undrained reference state and development towards a new direction, different from both the undrained and the drained state. Rewetting created favourable conditions for Sphagnum photosynthesis. Sphagnum mosses recovered in cover and biomass production rapidly. The new growth started the accumulation of the porous surface organic matter layer characteristic of mires, which increased microbial decomposition activity in the surface organic layer towards undrained levels. Meanwhile, rewetting applied on the compacted, physicochemically altered peat created wet, unstable hydrological conditions, which increased the cover of opportunistic plant species in the understory and caused high NH4 mobilization and CH4 production in the surface organic layer. Demanding spruce swamp forest species were lacking at the rewetted sites, but rewetting was successful in restoring the common species and directing the ecosystem towards mire-like functioning.Keywords: peatland forest, vegetation, Sphagnum, moss photosynthesis, biomass production, biogeochemistry 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis thesis is a result of the efforts of the many people who gave their time and expertise to the research project. Thank you for accompanying me on this venture. First, I want to express my gratitude to my supervisor Eeva-Stiina Tuittila. Thank you for your insightful thinking and persistent support. To my co-authors, thank you for your contribution. It has been a privilege to work with so many intelligent, creative and generous people. Your knowledge, skills and enthusiasm, be it in peatland restoration, plant ecophysiology, statistics or soil biogeochemistry, ...

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“…For example, the three dimensional structure of the canopy is the essential driver of arthropod diversity in forests. The maximum tree height provides information about tall tree in a plot, which is a surrogate for habitat continuity (Ohlson et al, 1997). The structural diversity of the vegetation, including the density of the canopy layer and forest gaps, etc., is associated with the beetle assemblages (Müller and Brandl, 2009).…”

Section: Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of ecosystem services: An opportunity for spatially explicit assessment

Feng

Yang

et al. 2010

Chin. Geogr. Sci.

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Ecosystem service is an emerging concept that grows to be a hot research area in ecology. Spatially explicit ecosystem service values are important for ecosystem service management. However, it is difficult to quantify ecosystem services. Remote sensing provides images covering Earth surface, which by nature are spatially explicit. Thus, remote sensing can be useful for quantitative assessment of ecosystem services. This paper reviews spatially explicit ecosystem service studies conducted in ecology and remote sensing in order to find out how remote sensing can be used for ecosystem service assessment. Several important areas considered include land cover, biodiversity, and carbon, water and soil related ecosystem services. We found that remote sensing can be used for ecosystem service assessment in three different ways: direct monitoring, indirect monitoring, and combined use with ecosystem models. Some plant and water related ecosystem services can be directly monitored by remote sensing. Most commonly, remote sensing can provide surrogate information on plant and soil characteristics in an ecosystem. For ecosystem process related ecosystem services, remote sensing can help measure spatially explicit parameters. We conclude that acquiring good in-situ measurements and selecting appropriate remote sensor data in terms of resolution are critical for accurate assessment of ecosystem services.

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Habitat qualities versus long-term continuity as determinants of biodiversity in boreal old-growth swamp forests

Cited by 236 publications

References 26 publications

How do ditches contribute to bryophyte diversity in managed forests in East-Central Europe?

How do ditches contribute to bryophyte diversity in managed forests in East-Central Europe?

Restoration of ecosystem structure and function in boreal spruce swamp forests

Remote sensing of ecosystem services: An opportunity for spatially explicit assessment

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