Habitat II and the Globalization of Ideas

Leaf, Michael; Pamuk, Ayse

doi:10.1177/0739456x9701700108

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Furthermore, at the time of Habitat II there was not enough recognition that distinct political and institutional realities would make certain policy approaches only benefit some countries, exposing others to extraordinary damage. Some nations were doing quite well, in particular the highly interventionist nation-states in Asia, but their increasingly important role on the global economic stage was largely ignored because it did not fit neoliberal principles (Leaf & Pamuk, 1997 to set the stage for a new urban agenda, acknowledging, "that when equity is an integral part of the sustainable development agenda, the deep structural problems and challenges of cities can be better addressed". These considerations have been paramount given that the contribution of cities to GHG emissions and pollution are unequally distributed between the Global North and Global South (Steele et al, 2012) and that within cities, the urban poor often live in precarious human settlements that are disproportionately sensitive to extreme climate events, such as droughts and sea level rise (Adger, 2006;Adelekan, 2010).…”

Section: Struggling With Modernitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was and continues to be unprecedented, allowing NGOs to be not only participants but members (with voting privileges) with the ability to contribute amendments to the final Habitat Agenda. As a product of the decentralization policies of the 1990s, Habitat II delegated a more significant role to local governments and NGOs, fostering the shift from vertical, top-down relationships to an increasing reliance on horizontal linkages in the pursuit of an effective framework for addressing urban development (Leaf and Pamuk, 1997).…”

Section: Breaking Tradition and Building Coalitions: Habitat IImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Looking Back to Look Forward: Evolution of the Habitat Agenda and Prospects for Implementation of the New Urban Agenda

Reyes¹,

Reyes²,

Daigle³

2020

CUS

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Followed by two previous conferences 20 and 40 years earlier, the Habitat III conference convened in Quito in 2016 to tackle global urban challenges. With cities experiencing ever-increasing levels of poverty, inequality, and vulnerability to climate change, Habitat's New Urban Agenda outlines its priorities for sustainable urban development considering current urban realities. This paper aims to assess the changing dynamics that have paved the road towards Habitat III and to evaluate the ongoing prospects for its effective policy implementation by analyzing: 1) the changing development paradigms that have informed the three meetings, and 2) the nature, adequacy and influence of Habitat policy frameworks. Our analysis elucidates the weak commitment of nations at framing and implementing policies that help advance past Habitat's agendas. This leads us to conclude that local governments may be better suited to promote just and sustainable development. Promising policymaking may occur if governments can intersect the principles of the New Urban Agenda with other global agendas, including the Sustainable Development Goals. Yet, it is relatively clear four years after Habitat III, that local commitment to these principles is not uniform either and that only certain world regions are actively participating in their implementation.

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Section: Struggling With Modernitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Breaking Tradition and Building Coalitions: Habitat IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking Back to Look Forward: Evolution of the Habitat Agenda and Prospects for Implementation of the New Urban Agenda

Reyes¹,

Reyes²,

Daigle³

2020

CUS

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“…The Habitat II Conference – the City Summit of June 1996 – marked the formal adoption at the level of ‘soft’ international law of global principles in tackling the problems of human settlements. The conference marked the culmination of a process that had been ongoing for a decade or more in the UN system with respect to the development and management of urban space and for even longer if we extend our horizons to take into account national space (Leaf and Pamuk, 1997). Among the most important input into this momentum was the UN-Habitat/United Nations Development Programme/World Bank Urban Management Programme (UMP) in developing global policy frameworks and tools for urban management.…”

Section: The Postcolonial Era: Plus çA Change…mentioning

confidence: 99%

Property and Empire

McAuslan

2015

Social & Legal Studies

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This article argues that spatial re-ordering in the interests of globalisation goes back to the very beginning of modern Western empires. It does this by exploring the role of land law in globalisation. It shows that there is a remarkable continuity stretching back some 800 or more years in the use of land law to spearhead first English, but now Anglo-American, inputs into and interference with the spatial ordering and national land laws of countries in the developing world. This interference extends even into attempts to re-order land laws and land management as part of programmes of post-conflict statebuilding.

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“…The transferability and utilization of institutions, not only across sectors (credit, land and infrastructure) in one country, but also across countries, resonates well with our increasingly globally connected world. Such transfers are likely to accelerate in the next century (Leaf and Pamuk, 1997), and we need analytic tools that will speedily and accurately help us to predict the outcome of their use in new contexts. Even the introduction of markets where none existed before (in formerly socialist countries) requires an understanding of non-market institutions that prevail in such societies in order to better predict the outcome resulting from the application of these prevailing institutions.…”

Section: Policy Implications Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal Institutional Arrangements in Credit, Land Markets and Infrastructure Delivery in Trinidad

Pamuk

2000

Int J Urban Regional Res

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Informal institutional arrangements, permeating both formal and informal housing settlements, allow markets to function in developing countries. Yet their economic, social and policy impacts are largely unexamined. Insights from the new institutional economics literature are used to show the significance of informal institutional arrangements in credit, land markets and infrastructure delivery. The analysis is grounded in the experience of Trinidad and Tobago, with empirical information drawn from fieldwork research done in 1993 and 1997. Research findings show that informal institutions of cooperation (e.g. sou‐sou, CBOs) support transactions by reducing transaction costs, by lowering risk and by providing mechanisms to cope with uncertainty. They are therefore used instead of formal institutions. Policy‐makers should expect intense utilization of such locally designed institutions that use social capital in the process of land and housing market reform in developing countries. Ce sont les arrangements institutionnels informels, organisent l'habitat officiel et officieux, qui donnent aux marchés la possibilité de fonctionner dans les pays en voie de développement. Néanmoins leur impact économique, social et politique n'ont généralement pas été examinés. J'utilise des outils provenant des travaux sur l'économie neo‐institutionaliste pour démontrer la signification des arrangements institutionnels officieux pour le crédit, les marchés agraires et la distribution des infrastructures. L'analyse est basée sur l'expérience de Trinidad et Tobago, et l'information empirique provient d'une recherche de terrain faite entre 1993 et 1997. Les résultats montrent que les institutions officieuses de coopération (par exemple sou‐sou, CBOs) supportent les transactions en réduisant leurs coûts, en abaissant les risques, et en fournissant des mécanismes pour faire face à l'incertitude. Elles sont donc utilisées à la place des institutions officielles. Les politiciens peuvent s'attendre à une utilisation intense de telles institutions désignées localement et qui utilisent le capital social dans le processus de réformes du marché agraire et du logement dans les pays en voie de développement.

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Habitat II and the Globalization of Ideas

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Looking Back to Look Forward: Evolution of the Habitat Agenda and Prospects for Implementation of the New Urban Agenda

Looking Back to Look Forward: Evolution of the Habitat Agenda and Prospects for Implementation of the New Urban Agenda

Property and Empire

Informal Institutional Arrangements in Credit, Land Markets and Infrastructure Delivery in Trinidad

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