Habitat differentiation among tree species with small-scale variation of humus depth and topography in a tropical heath forest of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

Small-scale spatial association of the distribution for 55 abundant tree species with two environmental factors (humus depth and surface microtopography) was examined in two 1-ha plots of a heath (kerangas) forest in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. More than 80% of the 55 species showed a significant habitat preference in humus depth and/or relative elevation in at least one plot. In particular, ten species occurring in both plots showed a consistent significant preference for humus depth or relative elevation in the two plots. Using randomization tests, however, only five species significantly associated with humus depth and no species with relative elevation. These results suggest that edaphic and topographic factors, especially humus depth, contribute to determining local spatial distribution and floristic composition of abundant tree species in the forest.

Structure, diversity, and spatial patterns in a permanent plot of a high Restinga forest in Southeastern Brazil

“…Th is result corroborates the connection between forest structure and soil properties suggested by Phillips et al (1994) and Uhl & Murphy (1981). Th e pattern found here was also found by other authors when comparing whitesand forests to other types of tropical forests (Proctor et al 1983;Davies & Becker 1996;Nebel et al 2001;Miyamoto et al 2003) and it is primarily due to the higher proportion of trees < 10 cm dbh and to the smaller proportion of large trees. In the PEIC plot the mean number of trees ≥ 60 cm dbh per hectare was six, whereas in other forest types it varied between eight and 33 trees (mean ± sd: 19 ± 7, Losos et al 2004).…”

“…heath forests, campinaranas, kerangas, varillal alto -Anderson 1981), white-sand forests develop on acid, sandy soils with low availability of nutrients (Proctor et al 1983;Ashton 2004;Luizão et al 2007). Th ese features act simultaneously to generate forests whose characteristics are shorter stature, lower species diversity, and roots more concentrated in the superfi cial soil horizons (Davies & Becker 1996;Miyamoto et al 2003;2007). For these reasons, we recognize the Atlantic HRF as a type of white-sand forest.…”

Characteristics of the contrasting soils on Kahayan River banks in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…Several ecological studies, but fewer than those about peat swamp forests, have been carried out in such mineral soil areas; for example, the diversity of a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest (Wilkie et al 2004), the structure and primary production of heath forests (Nishimura and Suzuki 2001;TROPICS Vol. 22 (3) Miyamoto et al 2003Miyamoto et al , 2007, geomorphology in the lowland plain (Hirakawa and Kurashige 1999), and land suitability assessment for agriculture (Petersen 1987). However, studies on soils in Central Kalimantan are scarcely published; Petersen (1991) gave profile description and properties of several soils in his overview of soils in Indonesian Kalimantan.…”

Fatores abióticos condicionantes da distribuição de espécies arbóreas em quatro formações florestais do Estado de São Paulo

“…Estabelecer associações entre as distribuições das espécies de árvores e variação edáfica e topográfica é, portanto, uma das chaves mais importantes para a compreensão da diversidade de espécies em florestas tropicais (MIYAMOTO, et al, 2003) (mmol c /dm³), Mg (mmol c /dm³), K (mmolc/dm³), P (mmol c /dm³), Na (mmol c /dm³), teor de matéria orgânica (MO) (g/Kg)) e índices compostos (saturação por bases (V) (%), saturação por alumínio (m) (%) e capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC) (mmol c /dm³)). Os parâmetros topográficos altitude e declividade, utilizados neste estudo, referem-se aos valores médios obtidos em cada subparcela (RODRIGUES, 2006).…”

“…Dentro dos tipos florestais, diferenças ambientais locais, características biológicas relacionadas com os processos de regeneração, e os eventos estocásticos, podem alterar a composição e o comportamento das espécies em uma pequena escala espacial (MIYAMOTO et al, 2003;RICHARDSON et al, 2014). Nesta escala, a heterogeneidade ambiental está associada aos microsítios que favorecem a germinação e o estabelecimento de espécies vegetais (HUTCHINGS, 1989;BRIGGS, VANDER WALL, JENKINS, 2009;BORN et al, 2015).…”