Habitat Destruction, Environmental Catastrophes, and Metapopulation Extinction

Casagrandi, Renato; Gatto, Marino

doi:10.1006/tpbi.2001.1559

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…poisoning, electrocution). Understanding the influence of such types of disturbances is of paramount importance for conservation because of their potentially severe impact on population stability (Casagrandi & Gatto 2002). Because the main objective of this simulation was to assess the effect of a mortality increase within settlement areas on the breeding population, we did not separate the effects induced by environmental disaster and those caused by human alterations (Casagrandi & Gatto 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental stochasticity in dispersal areas can explain the ‘mysterious’ disappearance of breeding populations

et al. 2005

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We present the results of an individual-based simulation model, showing that increasing the mortality of non-breeding dispersers within settlement areas can lead to the extinction of species and (meta)populations in a subtle way. This is because the areas where dispersers settle are generally unknown or difficult to detect. Consequently, fewer efforts are devoted to the conservation of these sites than to the conservation of breeding territories. Additionally, high mortality rates affecting the floater sector of a population become evident in the breeding sector only after several of years, when it is too difficult or too late to halt the decline. As a result, because most conservation projects on endangered species and populations mainly focus on breeding areas, many current efforts may be wasted in locations other than those in which conservation would be really necessary and effective.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental stochasticity in dispersal areas can explain the ‘mysterious’ disappearance of breeding populations

et al. 2005

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“…Casagrandi and Gatto (2002) found that fragmented populations, characterised by a small number of conspecifics inhabiting each patch, are heavily affected by natural and human disturbance, which may lead to local extinctions. Following the deaths of four of the tagged individuals in June 2010, there was no further evidence of hedgehogs at the Irish site, despite regular searching until October 2010.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat selection, philopatry and spatial segregation in rural Irish hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)

2013

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Type of publicationArticle (peer-reviewed) Abstract: As a non-territorial species with no known dispersal period, there are no obvious factors that regulate hedgehog numbers in an area. This study aimed to examine these factors and involved the radio-tracking of rural hedgehogs over a 3-year period. Males had a significantly larger mean annual home range (56 ha) than females (16.5 ha), which was at its maximum during the breeding season. Outside of the breeding season, the home range was relatively small (4 -5 ha) in both sexes. The home ranges of males completely overlapped both each other and all of the females. In contrast, females occupied more exclusive areas with little overlap between one another. On a nightly basis, both sexes occupied spatially independent areas with little overlap. Compositional analysis of the data showed that habitats were not used in proportion to their availability but were selected, and this changed seasonally, with the highest preference being for garden and arable land. Hedgehogs tagged for consecutive years exhibited site philopatry and followed the same pattern of habitat selection annually. It is suggested that the spatial separation observed amongst individual hedgehogs could restrict numbers in an area and that female numbers reach a carrying capacity before that of males.

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“…However, in many cases the amount of suitable habitat changes due to patches being ephemeral (for example, fallen logs and tree-gaps), or, because they become temporarily unsuitable because of succession or some other form of disturbance. Authors who have investigated habitat dynamics in metapopulations include Hess (1996), Brachet et al (1999), Casagrandi and Gatto (2000), Johnson (2000), Keymer et al (2000), Amarasekare and Possingham (2001), Ellner and Fussmann (2003), Hastings (2003) and Ross (2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic models for mainland-island metapopulations in static and dynamic landscapes

Ross

2006

Bull. Math. Biol.

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This paper has three primary aims: to establish an effective means for modelling mainland-island metapopulations inhabiting a dynamic landscape; to investigate the effect of immigration and dynamic changes in habitat on metapopulation patch occupancy dynamics; and to illustrate the implications of our results for decision-making and population management. We first extend the mainland-island metapopulation model of Alonso and McKane [Bull. Math. Biol. 64:913-958, 2002] to incorporate a dynamic landscape. It is shown, for both the static and the dynamic landscape models, that a suitably scaled version of the process converges to a unique deterministic model as the size of the system becomes large. We also establish that, under quite general conditions, the density of occupied patches, and the densities of suitable and occupied patches, for the respective models, have approximate normal distributions. Our results not only provide us with estimates for the means and variances that are valid at all stages in the evolution of the population, but also provide a tool for fitting the models to real metapopulations. We discuss the effect of immigration and habitat dynamics on metapopulations, showing that mainland-like patches heavily influence metapopulation persistence, and we argue for adopting measures to increase connectivity between this large patch and the other island-like patches. We illustrate our results with specific reference to examples of populations of butterfly and the grasshopper Bryodema tuberculata.

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Habitat Destruction, Environmental Catastrophes, and Metapopulation Extinction

Cited by 48 publications

References 35 publications

Environmental stochasticity in dispersal areas can explain the ‘mysterious’ disappearance of breeding populations

Environmental stochasticity in dispersal areas can explain the ‘mysterious’ disappearance of breeding populations

Habitat selection, philopatry and spatial segregation in rural Irish hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)

Stochastic models for mainland-island metapopulations in static and dynamic landscapes

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