Habit-associated salivary pH changes in oral submucous fibrosis-A controlled cross-sectional study

Abstract

Context:Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a multi-causal inflammatory reaction to the chemical or mechanical trauma caused due to exposure to arecanut containing products with or without tobacco (ANCP/T). Arecanut and additional components such as lime and chewing tobacco render ANCP/T highly alkaline. Fibrosing repair is a common reaction to an alkaline exposure in the skin. OSF may be related to the alkaline exposure by ANCP/T in a similar manner.Aims:The study was aimed at establishing the relationship of habit-associated salivary pH changes and OSF.Settings and Design:The study design was controlled cross-sectional.Materials and Methods:Base line salivary pH (BLS pH), salivary pH after chewing the habitual ANCP/T substance, post chew salivary pH (PCSpH) for 2 min and salivary pH recovery time (SpHRT) were compared in 30 OSF patients and 30 sex-matched individuals with ANCP/T habits and apparently healthy oral mucosa.Results:The group's mean BLSpH values were similar and within normal range and representative of the population level values. The average PCSpH was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.0001) than the average BLSpH in both groups. There was no significant difference (P = 0.09) between PCSpH of OSF patients and controls. OSF patients had a significantly longer (P = 0.0076) SpHRT than controls. Factors such as age, daily exposure, cumulative habit years, BLSpH and PCSpH, had varying effects on the groups.Conclusions:Chewing ANCP/T causes a significant rise in salivary pH of all individuals. SpHRT has a significant association with OSF. The effect of salivary changes in OSF patients differs with those in healthy controls.

Acrolein Is Involved in the Synergistic Potential of Cigarette Smoking– and Betel Quid Chewing–Related Human Oral Cancer

“…The addition of slaked lime to the betel nut block neutralizes the astringency of a large amount of tannic acid and polyphenolic compounds in the betel nut, but it causes the oral cavity to be alkaline. Studies have shown that the pH of the oral cavity after chewing the betel nut can reach 8.2-11 (43,44). The alkaline oral environment (pH 8-11) following the chewing of BQ-containing slake lime might facilitate the absorption of Acr (pKa 9.6) during CS (45).…”

Emerging Encapsulation Technologies for Long-Term Reliability of Microfabricated Implantable Devices

“…Use as an optical coating material is another major application of HfO 2 [43,46]. With positive results regarding the in vitro biocompatibility of HfO 2 in terms of cytotoxicity, hemolysis, and cell imaging [47,48,49] along with the inherently excellent property of HfO 2 as a barrier against liquid water, its applications have been extended to include uses in biological devices, such as in biocompatible passivation or the functionalization of biosensors [49,50,51,52].…”

Study Based on Diagnosis and Evaluation of Patients Affected by Oral Submucous Fibrosis (Osmf) From Bihar Regions

“…[2] lead to OSF in individuals with genetic immunologic or nutritional predisposition to the disease." [3] This hypersensitivity reaction results in a juxta-epithelial inflammation that leads to increased fibroblastic activity and decreased breakdown of fibers. The fibroblasts are phenotypically modified, and the fibers they form are more stable, produce thicker bundles that progressively become less elastic.…”

“…According to a recent cross sectional study the time taken for return of salivary pH to baseline levels after chewing areca nut containing mixtures is significantly longer in habitual users with OSF when compared to unaffected users. [3] A neural network-based oral precancer stage detection method has been proposed. [4] This new technique uses wavelet coefficients from transmission electron micrography images of subepithelialfibrillar collagen in healthy oral submucosa and in oral submucous fibrosis tissues.…”