*h3 &gt; h1, *h2 &gt; h1 eta horiei datxezkien zenbait fenomenoz

Lakarra, Joseba Andoni

doi:10.4000/lapurdum.2091

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In most of the words in (5a), however, the aspiration lacks etymological justification, since these words are vowel-initial in Romance (see Michelena [1977. Although in harea from arēna the initial aspiration could perhaps be related to the weakening of intervocalic /n/ (see below), as proposed by Lakarra (2009aLakarra ( , 2009bLakarra ( , 2017, this explanation would not extend to other items in this list like harma 'weapon', hira 'ire', harrapatu 'grab' (< Gasc arrapar), husu 'often, usually', etc. We must thus conclude that some words have acquired non-etymological aspiration, as we concluded in the previous section regarding Romance borrowings with postconsonantal aspiration.…”

Section: Word-initial /H/mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Trask (1997,(158)(159) holds the view that aspiration in Basque, with very few potential exceptions, was originally a suprasegmental feature possibly related to accentual prominence. Gorrochategui & Lakarra (2001), on the other hand, have argued that this position is excessive and that /h/ was already a phoneme in Ancient Basque (see also Lakarra 2009aLakarra , 2009bLakarra , 2015.…”

Section: Word-initial /H/mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspiration in Basque

Honeybone

2018

PiHPh

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The distribution of aspiration in Basque -with 'aspiration' referring to both the occurrence of [h] and of aspirated stops -shows some puzzling aspects. In some words, aspiration is ancient, in the sense that it must be assumed for the earliest reconstructable stage. In some other instances, however, it has arisen seemingly ex nihilo, as can be observed in borrowings from Latin and Romance, e.g. Latin/Romance īra > Basque hira 'ire', Romance taula > Basque thaula 'board'. Most surprisingly, in some words aspiration has developed after a sonorant consonant, e.g. Romance solatz > Basque solhas 'conversation'. Aspiration may also continue intervocalic /n/, e.g. Latin anāte > Basque ahate 'duck'. Another unusual development is the phonologization of the contrast between aspirated and unaspirated voiceless stops triggered by a shift of the stress in some words without affecting the properties of consonants. Finally, an interdialectal alternation /k-/ ~ /g-/ ~ /h-/ ~ ∅ in demonstratives and related adverbs appears to have involved fortition, contrary to initial expectations. Here we describe the environments in which aspiration is found in Basque and discuss the most likely historical developments that could have given rise to the state of affairs that we find, paying particular attention to what would appear to be unusual or unnatural sound changes. We build on prior scholarship, but this paper also contains some new hypotheses, especially regarding the aspiration in words like ahate 'duck'. We have also tried to contribute to the dating of the different processes and to the understanding of in their causes.

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Section: Word-initial /H/mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Word-initial /H/mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspiration in Basque

Honeybone

2018

PiHPh

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“…Examples include: Lat. arēna >> *areha > harea 'sand'; hon 'good' etsi 'deem' honetsi > onhetsi 'love, esteem' (for more examples, see Lakarra, 2009Lakarra, : 217-219, 2015Egurtzegi, 2011: 52-53).…”

Section: Assimilation Of Voicelessness or [-Voiced] In Obstruents Is Typologically Commonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metathesis of aspiration as the source of anticipatory voicelessness in Basque

Egurtzegi

2019

French Language Studies

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In Basque, there is evidence, especially in early loans from Latin, that a sequence #DV(R)T… where D is a voiced stop and T is a voiceless (aspirated) stop was optionally produced with devoicing of the first of these stops. An additional particularity of this sound pattern is that the devoiced word-initial stop typically surfaces with aspiration, while the previously aspirated stop loses it: #DV(R)T(h)… > #T(h)V(R)T… This typologically uncommon sound pattern has been described as assimilation of voicelessness in the literature, or spread of [-voiced]. I propose that this sound pattern is triggered by aspiration, not voicelessness, and that it is a case of metathesis, not assimilation. Under the proposed analysis, aspiration of the second stop in the word is reanalysed as originating in the first stop, an instance of perceptual metathesis. This approach accounts for the distribution of aspirated stops before and after the optional change, and the failure of post-sibilant stops to trigger. This account also has implications for the chronology of aspiration-loss in Western dialects: at the time the earliest Latin loans were borrowed, all Basque dialects still maintained a historical series of aspirated stops. Only later, after this process of optional metathesis, did the Western dialects lose *h and stop aspiration.

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“…29 Bestalde, analisi honen ondorio bat da harea < arēna azalpenik gabe gelditzen dela, cfr. Lakarra (2009a) (lh, rh, rrh, nh, ñh) oso kokapen zehatza dute: beti hitzaren bigarren bokalaren aurre-aurrean agertzen dira, ikus (16). Ezaguna denez, bilkurok heterosilabikoak dira (adib.…”

Section: Sudurkariak Eta Albokariakunclassified

Soinu aldakuntzen kronologiaz

Hualde

2017

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h3 > h1, h2 > h1 eta horiei datxezkien zenbait fenomenoz

Abstract: Euskal ikerketen aldizkaria | Revue d'études basques | Revista de estudios vascos | Basque studies review 13 | 2009 Numéro XIII h3 > h1, h2 > h1 eta horiei datxezkien zenbait fenomenoz Abstract : "h3> h1, h2 > h1 and related phenomena"

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Aspiration in Basque

Aspiration in Basque

Metathesis of aspiration as the source of anticipatory voicelessness in Basque

Soinu aldakuntzen kronologiaz

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*h3 > h1, *h2 > h1 eta horiei datxezkien zenbait fenomenoz

Abstract: Euskal ikerketen aldizkaria | Revue d'études basques | Revista de estudios vascos | Basque studies review 13 | 2009 Numéro XIII *h3 > h1, *h2 > h1 eta horiei datxezkien zenbait fenomenoz Abstract : "*h3> h1, *h2 > h1 and related phenomena"

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Aspiration in Basque

Aspiration in Basque

Metathesis of aspiration as the source of anticipatory voicelessness in Basque

Soinu aldakuntzen kronologiaz

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

h3 > h1, h2 > h1 eta horiei datxezkien zenbait fenomenoz

Abstract: Euskal ikerketen aldizkaria | Revue d'études basques | Revista de estudios vascos | Basque studies review 13 | 2009 Numéro XIII h3 > h1, h2 > h1 eta horiei datxezkien zenbait fenomenoz Abstract : "h3> h1, h2 > h1 and related phenomena"