Abstract. We provide explicit, simple, geometric formulas for free involutions ρ of Euclidean spheres that are not conjugate to the antipodal involution. Therefore the quotient S n /ρ is a manifold that is homotopically equivalent but not diffeomorphic to RP n . We use these formulas for constructing explicit non-trivial elements in π 1 Diff(S 5 ) and π 1 Diff(S 13 ) and to provide explicit formulas for non-cancellation phenomena in group actions.