H.-G. Schweiger

Driessche, Thérèse Van den

doi:10.3109/07420528709078516

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…For example, the introducing of hydrophilic groups into the reactive core can be used to invert the core polarity, so that a completely hydrophilic nanostructure is obtained. [24] Since this would not be accessible from the respective purely hydrophilic block copolymer, new particle functions can be accessed by this strategy.…”

Section: Functionalization Of Reactive Polymeric Micellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remaining active ester moieties after crosslinking were reacted with ethanolamine and hydrazine thereby inverting the core hydrophilicity and enabling the conjugation of doxorubicin through the formation of an acid-labile hydrazine bond. [24] To generate stimuli-responsive nanostructures, acid-sensitive ketal crosslinkers were introduced in related systems, resulting in the disintegration of the nanogels upon acidic conditions. [202][203][204][205][206] The synthesis of pH degradable mannosylated nanogels for dendritic cell targeting was quite similar to the examples mentioned above.…”

Section: Functionalization Of the Interior Using Pfp Ester Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive Precursor Particles as Synthetic Platform for the Generation of Functional Nanoparticles, Nanogels, and Microgels

Gruber

Navarro

Klinger

2019

Adv Materials Inter

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Precise control of the chemical functionality of polymer nanoparticles is a key requirement in tailoring their (dynamic) colloidal properties toward advanced applications. However, current synthetic techniques are still limited in the versatility of chemical design and preparation of such functional colloidal nanomaterials. Two major challenges remain: First, various particle preparation methods are restricted in their functional group tolerance, thus hindering certain combinations of polymer backbones with specific functional groups. Second, the preparation of particles with different functionalities requires the synthesis of different particle batches. But this often results in a simultaneous variation of colloidal features. As a result, the accurate determination of important structure–property relations is still hindered. To address these restrictions, postmodification of preformed reactive particles is gaining more attention. This technique has evolved from polymer synthesis, where postpolymerization functionalization enables the introduction of a plethora of functional groups without changing the degree of polymerization and the molecular weight distribution. Similarly, modifying precursor particles enables the introduction of functional groups into particles while reducing variations in colloidal features, e.g., particle size and size distribution. This powerful synthetic method complements established procedures for functionalization of particle surfaces, thereby enabling the facile preparation of (multi‐)functional particle libraries, which will allow precise investigations of structure–property relations.

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Section: Functionalization Of Reactive Polymeric Micellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functionalization Of the Interior Using Pfp Ester Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Precursor Particles as Synthetic Platform for the Generation of Functional Nanoparticles, Nanogels, and Microgels

Gruber

Navarro

Klinger

2019

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Con A was purified as described for pea lectin (Van Driessche, Smets, Dejaegere & Kanarek, 1982). Man(3,6) was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Concanavalin A crystallized in complex with the trisaccharide 3,6-di-O-methyl-(α-D-mannopyranosyl)-α-D-mannopyranoside

Bouckaert¹,

Poortmans²,

Wyns³

1996

Acta Cryst D

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Concanavalin A was co-crystallized in two crystal forms with 3,6-di-O-methyl-(~D-mannopyranosyl) ~-D-mannopyranoside, which is primarily responsible for the high-affinity binding of N-linked carbohydrates to concanavalin A. Both crystal forms have space group P21 and contain a complete concanavalin A tetramer in the asymmetric unit. Form A was crystallized using polyethylene glycol methyl ether as the precipitant and has unitcell dimensions a=59.83, b=64.84 and ¢= 125.92A, /t=93.87 °. Form B was obtained using phosphate as the precipitant and has unit-cell dimensions a = 81.94, b--66.75 and c = 108.92 A, fi = 97.58 °. Form B was stable in the X-ray beam for several days and diffracted to 3.15 A resolution. Form A crystals could not withstand X-ray radiation at room temperature, but produced high-quality data under cryogenic conditions. The latter are suitable for a 2.3A resolution structure determination by molecular replacement.The biological activities of the mitogenic lectin concanavalin A (Con A) depend on the specific binding of the protein to polysaccharide and glycoprotein receptors. The minimum requirements that carbohydrates must fulfill to be bound specifically is the arabino configuration for the C atoms at the 3, 4 and 5 positions and unmodified 3-, 4-and 6-hydroxyl groups (Goldstein, Hollennan & Smith, 1965). The most specific monosaccharide has been found to be methyl ~x-Dmannopyranoside (Me.~Man) (Debray, Decout, Strecker, Spik & Montreuil, 1981). However, the trimannoside 3, Man(3,6)] binds with an affinity about 60-fold higher than Me~Man and is the major binding epitope for Con A on all N-linked oligomannosetype carbohydrates (Debray et al., 1981). In contrast, other glucose/mannose specific Leguminosae lectins like the pea (Pisum sativum), lentil (Lens culinaris) and Lathyrus ochrus lectins, show no enhanced binding of Man(3,6) as compared to Me.~Man (Debray et al., 1981). The crystal structure of pea lectin complexed with Man(3,6) showed it to bind through a single terminal monosaccharide residue (Rini, Hardman, Einspahr, Suddath & Carver, 1993).The thermodynamics of Con A-oligosaccharide complexation demonstrate that the higher affinity of Con A for the Man(3,6) epitope results from an extended recognition site on the lectin. A microcalorimetric investigation (Williams, Chervenak & Toone, 1992) suggested interaction of the two terminal mannose residues of the trisaccharide in distinct sites, as opposed to binding in a single high-affinity site. Recently Mandal et al. (1994) presented more detailed thermodynamic data on Man(3,6) interactions with Con A. They proposed that the a(|-6) finked mannose residue would bind in the high-~, 1996 International Union of Crystallography Printed in Great Britain -all rights reserved affinity monosaccharide binding site known from the complex of Con A with Me~tMan (Derewenda et al., 1989). The ~(1-3) linked mannose would bind elsewhere in a lower affinity site and interact through its 3-hydroxyl group. A third site appears to be involved in interact...

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H.-G. Schweiger

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Reactive Precursor Particles as Synthetic Platform for the Generation of Functional Nanoparticles, Nanogels, and Microgels

Reactive Precursor Particles as Synthetic Platform for the Generation of Functional Nanoparticles, Nanogels, and Microgels

Concanavalin A crystallized in complex with the trisaccharide 3,6-di-O-methyl-(α-D-mannopyranosyl)-α-D-mannopyranoside

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