H.264/AVC/MPEG video coding with an emphasis to bidirectional prediction frames

Abstract

In recent years there has been an increasing interest in H.264/ MPEG-4 part 10 video coding standard. This is the latest coding standard which attains very high data compression. MPEG stands for moving picture experts group which was formed by ISO in order to define standards for audio and video coding and also transmission. This paper gives an idea of decorrelation and entropy coding of motion information in MPEG video coding standard by taking Intra coded frame(Iframe), Predicted frame(P-frame) and bidirectional predicted frames ( B-frames) for temporal prediction. In this paper, we propose a technique of adding the bidirectional frames (Bframes) to a group of pictures (GOP) and verify its performance by increasing the number of B-Frames. Here we are trying to illustrate elaborately the effect of adding few B-Frames into a GOP sequence and to observe the effect in the compression capability. By doing so compression efficiency is increased to a considerable amount.

The impact of successive B frames on TV signal using different compression techniques and video resolution

“…The first frame in a compressed video content is always an I-frame. Each video content must contain key frames [10]- [12]. P-frames are complex frames consisting of parts that are predicted, i.e.…”

“…These frames contain only a description that tells the decoder what the difference is in relation to the previous frame and therefore they store considerably less memory space than I-frames. During the reproduction of video content, the decoder interprets the P-frame and the previous frame record and on the basis of these data creates the full image that will be displayed on the screen [11], [12].…”

“…Therefore, the use of B-frames is very important when it is necessary to achieve a high degree of video content compression. At a very low bitrate, without the use of B-frames, it is very difficult to achieve a satisfactory image quality [11], [12].…”