H 2 -rich syngas production through mixed residual biomass and HDPE waste via integrated catalytic gasification and tar cracking plus bio-char upgrading

Highly-efficient hydroxyapatite-supported nickel catalysts for dry reforming of methane

“…The increase in the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions along with the depletion of carbon-based energy resources have forced scientists to develop new technologies and processes for the substitution of fossil fuels by other types of energies. Synthetic gas (syngas), which is a mixture of CO and H 2 , is an important platform chemical that has an energy density of about 50% of natural gas [1] and has been used for illumination of cities as well as for heat and power generation at industrial scale [2]. More importantly, syngas can be used as feedstock for the production of value-added chemicals, such as methanol, ammonia, dimethyl ether and even liquid fuels through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) [3].…”

“…(1), by using CO 2 from carbon dioxide capture processes, to feed DRM process. CH 4 þ CO 2 42H 2 þ 2CO DH 298 ¼ 247 kJ,mol À 1 (1) Despite the environmental benefits of this reaction, DRM has not reached the industrial scale yet mainly due to the rapid deactivation of the catalysts by sintering and coke deposition. In fact, because of its high positive reaction enthalpy, high temperature above 700 C is required to achieve high reactants' conversion.…”

Correlation between Liquid Product Distribution and H2 Selectivity in Lignin Depolymerization

“…However, the aromatics (C [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] ) increased steadily and became the main component of the liquid products instead of the aliphatic compounds, during the process of decreasing H 2 selectivity (from 81 to 49 %) and H 2 yield (from 14.52 to 4.11 mmol). Compared with the H 2 selectivity and yield ob- tained without formic acid, the former constituted the main change.…”

“…It is generally known that gas and liquid are two important products and always accompany and influence each other in the depolymerization procedure. In gas products, H 2 as a clean source is expected to occupy a higher proportion [7,8]. Moreover, the generated H 2 allows the in situ hydrogenation of liquid oil to take place, which could promote improvement of the bio-oil value.…”

Development of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Thermo-Chemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass

“…On the other hand, a commercial nickel powder catalyst (Sigma-Aldrich, Ni ≥ 99% trace metal basis, CAS number 7440-02-0) was also used for integrated catalytic gasification and tar cracking of mixed residual biomass (coconut shells) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) [74]. It was reported that the application of such feedstock and conversion procedure allowed for enhanced syngas and hydrogen production.…”