Gypsies of the Caucasus

Marushiaková, Elena; Popov, Vesselin

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41057-9_3

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…IberianRoma-2 contains exclusively Roma samples from the Basque country and, accordingly, it shows the highest non-Roma Basque ancestry. Altogether, these results confirm the presence of genetic substructure and differential admixture within the Iberian Roma population, revealing four distinct patterns of spatial distribution (Fig 3), and, furthermore, reject a putative North African origin of the Iberian Roma groups [30].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The Iberian group representing the most southern location, IberianRoma-3, has a genetic particularity: it has around 1% of Northwest African ancestry, which probably corresponds to the North African admixture found in the southern and western parts of the Iberian Peninsula, during the Arab expansion (711–1248) [28,29]. The fact that the North African component is only found in IberianRoma-3 samples, who also show Balkan ancestry, contributes to reject the hypothesis of a Roma migration route to Iberia from North Africa [30]. IberianRoma-1 has more non-Roma Iberian component than IberianRoma-2, although these two clusters contain samples from the same region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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European Roma groups show complex West Eurasian admixture footprints and a common South Asian genetic origin

et al. 2019

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The Roma population is the largest transnational ethnic minority in Europe, characterized by a linguistic, cultural and historical heterogeneity. Comparative linguistics and genetic studies have placed the origin of European Roma in the Northwest of India. After their migration across Persia, they entered into the Balkan Peninsula, from where they spread into Europe, arriving in the Iberian Peninsula in the 15th century. Their particular demographic history has genetic implications linked to rare and common diseases. However, the South Asian source of the proto-Roma remains still untargeted and the West Eurasian Roma component has not been yet deeply characterized. Here, in order to describe both the South Asian and West Eurasian ancestries, we analyze previously published genome-wide data of 152 European Roma and 34 new Iberian Roma samples at a fine-scale and haplotype-based level, with special focus on the Iberian Roma genetic substructure. Our results suggest that the putative origin of the proto-Roma involves a Punjabi group with low levels of West Eurasian ancestry. In addition, we have identified a complex West Eurasian component (around 65%) in the Roma, as a result of the admixture events occurred with non-proto-Roma populations between 1270–1580. Particularly, we have detected the Balkan genetic footprint in all European Roma, and the Baltic and Iberian components in the Northern and Western Roma groups, respectively. Finally, our results show genetic substructure within the Iberian Roma, with different levels of West Eurasian admixture, as a result of the complex historical events occurred in the Peninsula.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European Roma groups show complex West Eurasian admixture footprints and a common South Asian genetic origin

et al. 2019

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“…Background of Roma in Turkey Although they are not readily visible to the authorities, Roma people in today's territory of Turkey have a long history. When we look at the history of this group, it is commonly thought that they migrated to different parts of the world from India (Arayici, 2008;Marushiakova & Popov, 2001;Ringold et al, 2005). While India is thought to be the mother land for the Gypsy communities, the Balkans also have particular importance in their history as this place is called the 'second home of the Gypsies' (Marushiakova & Popov, 2001, p. 7).…”

Section: Methodology and Case Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This group of Gypsies had no permanent job but it was thought that they were clairvoyant and they had magic skills (Marsh, 2008, p. 5;Marushiakova & Popov, 2001, p. 13) The Ottoman Empire period was important for the history of Gypsies. The Empire had an administration system in which status and obligations of citizens towards the state were determined by religion (Marushiakova & Popov, 2001). In this administrative system, religious groups could enjoy a certain degree of communal autonomy in the fields of religious affairs, education, family law and some legal cases, the basis of the 'millet system' (Kursar, 2013, p. 97).…”

Section: Methodology and Case Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active or Token Participation?: Hopes and Hinderances Before Roma Face Political Ambitions (Akti̇f Ya Da Semboli̇k Katilim?: Romanlarin Si̇yasal İstekleri̇ne Yöneli̇k Umutlar Ve Engeller)

Utku

Yazgan²

2016

HUMANITAS - Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

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Abstract:Until recently, Roma people in Turkey and their political demands have been largely neglected. This group of people did not have any political representation through which to raise their voices or any kind of political will to change the discriminative clauses in Turkish legislations. However, since the accession negotiation process to the EU started, there has been a limited but important awakening in the consideration of Roma people in Turkey. In this regard, the most important step was the election of the first ever Roma MP in the history of the Turkish Republic. However, it is still possible to see limited political participation by the Roma in Turkey. Based on interview data in a qualitative framework, this paper will question the background of the limited political participation of Roma people. The interviews are conducted in one of the Turkish cities which is populated by a significant number of Roma: Edirne. This paper will address the hindrances to their active political participation, the sources of these hindrances and how Roma people have perceived recent developments. Drawing on the literature on political participation by minority groups, this study argues that although there has been visible political engagement by Roma groups, two important barriers affect their active participation. The joint effects of discriminative attitudes and internal dividedness weaken the Roma people's power to influence politics. All in all, participation by Roma people remains limited and is symbolic rather than being influential and active. Keywords: Roma Groups, Political Participation, Edirne. Abstract: Until recently, Roma people in Turkey and their political demands have been largely neglected. This group of people did not have any political representation through which to raise their voices or any kind of political will to change the discriminative clauses in Turkish legislations. However, since the accession negotiation process to the EU started, there has been a limited but important awakening in the consideration of Roma people in Turkey. In this regard, the most important step was the election of the first ever Roma MP in the history of the Turkish Republic. However, it is still possible to see limited political participation by the Roma in Turkey. Based on interview data in a qualitative framework, this paper will question the background of the limited political participation of Roma people. The interviews are conducted in one of the Turkish cities which is populated by a significant number of Roma: Edirne. This paper will address the hindrances to their active political participation, the sources of these hindrances and how Roma people have perceived recent developments. Drawing on the literature on political participation by minority groups, this study argues that although there has been visible political engagement by Roma groups, two important barriers affect their active participation. The joint effects of discriminative attitudes and internal dividedness weaken the Roma people's power to influ...

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“…predominantly the Roma nomads), which at that time were relatively few (about 10-15% of all Roma in Bulgaria in this time). 48 The problem with suffrage of the Roma nomads was finally resolved almost two decades later, in 1937, when the Council of Ministers prepared Decree-Law for the election of members of Parliament, which entered into force by the Decree of Bulgarian King Boris III. Under this new law, the limitation of voting rights to persons without permanent residence was lifted, and thus nomadic Roma received full voting rights.…”

Section: Long Live His Royal Highness! 41mentioning

confidence: 99%