Gynaecological morbidities among married women and husband’s behaviour: Evidence from a community‐based study

Abstract

Aim To determine the association between gynaecological morbidities and IPV among married women specifically, with attention to the attitudes of the husband and the degree of satisfaction in a marital relationship. Design Cross‐sectional study design. Methods Data were collected using face‐to‐face interviews with married women aged 15–49 years, living in selected communities. Information was collected on demographic characteristics, gynaecological morbidities and IPV using a self‐developed tool. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Results Logistic Regression showed a significant association between physical violence and burning micturition, increased urinary frequency, constant dribbling of urine, genital ulcers, lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge and painful coitus (OR: 1.41–1.84). A significant association between sexual and psychological abuse was also found with burning micturition (OR: 1.41) and dribbling of urine (OR: 0.12). Since gynaecological morbidities can have a serious effect on the psychological, physical well‐being, and the social status of women in Pakistan; effective interventions are imperative in dealing with their symptoms and decreasing their emergence.

Development and Psychometric Assessment of a Questionnaire for the Detection of Invisible Violence against Women

“…In Spain, around 24% of women of all ages have suffered IPV [ 4 ], and this figure rises to 43% in specific age groups [ 5 ]. IPV is associated with worse biopsychosocial health for both women [ 6 , 7 , 8 ] and their relatives [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. IPV poses a socioeconomic challenge to many countries and their healthcare systems [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

“…IPV has negative consequences on women’s physical health, and it is associated with musculoskeletal injuries [ 29 ]; chronic pain and fatigue [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]; malnutrition [ 33 ]; gastrointestinal, gynecological, and sexual [ 6 , 7 , 34 , 35 ] disorders; increased cardiovascular risk [ 36 , 37 ]; and increased mortality [ 38 ]. Recently, IPV has also been associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection [ 39 ].…”