Gut Steroids and Microbiota: Effect of Gonadectomy and Sex

Diviccaro, Silvia; FitzGerald, Jamie A.; Cioffi, Lucia; Falvo, Eva; Crispie, Fiona; Cotter, Paul D.; O’Mahony, Siobhain M.; Giatti, Silvia; Caruso, Donatella; Melcangi, Roberto Cosimo

doi:10.3390/biom12060767

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…While an “optimal microbiome” has not been defined, considering the influence of numerous intrinsic and environmental factors, a healthy state has previously been characterized as the absence of any disease ( Aagaard et al., 2013 ). The microbiome changes dramatically as the host ages, while also being influenced by host genetics and sex ( Haro et al., 2016b ; Badal et al., 2020 ; Caputi et al., 2022 ; Diviccaro et al., 2022 ). Also, it is commonly appreciated that the microbiome is readily impacted by lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise ( Sandhu et al., 2017 ; Zmora et al., 2019 ; Berding et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: The Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

An altered gut microbiome in pre-eclampsia: cause or consequence

Deady,

McCarthy,

Barron

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including pre-eclampsia, are a leading cause of serious and debilitating complications that affect both the mother and the fetus. Despite the occurrence and the health implications of these disorders there is still relatively limited evidence on the molecular underpinnings of the pathophysiology. An area that has come to the fore with regard to its influence on health and disease is the microbiome. While there are several microbiome niches on and within the body, the distal end of the gut harbors the largest of these impacting on many different systems of the body including the central nervous system, the immune system, and the reproductive system. While the role of the microbiome in hypertensive disorders, including pre-eclampsia, has not been fully elucidated some studies have indicated that several of the symptoms of these disorders are linked to an altered gut microbiome. In this review, we examine both pre-eclampsia and microbiome literature to summarize the current knowledge on whether the microbiome drives the symptoms of pre-eclampsia or if the aberrant microbiome is a consequence of this condition. Despite the paucity of studies, obvious gut microbiome changes have been noted in women with pre-eclampsia and the individual symptoms associated with the condition. Yet further research is required to fully elucidate the role of the microbiome and the significance it plays in the development of the symptoms. Regardless of this, the literature highlights the potential for a microbiome targeted intervention such as dietary changes or prebiotic and probiotics to reduce the impact of some aspects of these disorders.

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Section: The Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

An altered gut microbiome in pre-eclampsia: cause or consequence

Deady,

McCarthy,

Barron

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…For instance, levels of testosterone, dihydroxyprogesterone, and allopregnanolone positively correlate with levels of Blautia; whereas, those of testosterone, allopregnanolone, pregnanolone, progesterone, and dihydroxyprogesterone negatively correlate with levels of Roseburia. 60 The administration of oral contraceptives fails to alter the overall composition of gut microbiome in healthy women. 61 However, dietary changes affect microbial communities in the gut in terms of both composition and function, which may influence innate and adaptive immune systems of the host.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome and Changes In Its Composition With Menstrual...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gut Microbiome and Changes In Its Composition With Menstrual...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome influences incidence and outcomes of breast cancer by regulating levels and activity of steroid hormones in women

2023

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BackgroundBreast cancer, the leading cancer type in women worldwide, is affected by reproductive and nonreproductive factors. Estrogen and progesterone influence the incidence and progression of breast cancer. The microbiome of the gut, a complex organ that plays a vital role in digestion and homeostasis, enhances availability of estrogen and progesterone in the host. Thus, an altered gut microbiome may influence the hormone‐induced breast cancer incidence. This review describes the current understanding of the roles of gut microbiome in influencing the incidence and progression of breast cancer, with an emphasis on the microbiome‐induced metabolism of estrogen and progesterone.Recent FindingsMicrobiome has been recognized as a promising hallmark of cancer. Next‐generation sequencing technologies have aided in rapid identification of components of the gut microbiome that are capable of metabolizing estrogen and progesterone. Moreover, studies have indicated a wider role of the gut microbiome in metabolizing chemotherapeutic and hormonal therapy agents and reducing their efficacy in patients with breast cancer, with a predominant effect in postmenopausal women.ConclusionThe gut microbiome and variations in its composition significantly alter the incidence and therapy outcomes of patients with breast cancer. Thus, a healthy and diverse microbiome is required for better response to anticancer therapies. Finally, the review emphasizes the requirement of studies to elucidate mechanisms that may aid in improving the gut microbiome composition, and hence, survival outcomes of patients with breast cancer.

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“…The microbiome has been shown to impact gamete development, including spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Specifically, studies in mice have demonstrated that the gut microbiome is capable of influencing the expression of genes related to spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis ( Ding et al 2020 , Diviccaro et al 2022 ). This interplay may affect hormone levels and reproductive outcomes.…”

Section: ‘Reproductive’ Microbiomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special series on the role of the microbiome in reproduction and fertility

O’Mahony,

Comizzoli

2023

Reproduction and Fertility

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Many parts of the animal and human body host groups of bacteria, viruses and fungi that together are known as the microbiome. Microbiomes do not cause disease but are important for the healthy working of many systems in the body, including for reproduction and fertility. While the microbiome that lives in a reproductive tract play the most direct role, microbiomes from other areas of the body may also affect reproductive health. However, not much is known about how these groups of microorganisms regulate fertility as well as the health of parents and offspring and help animals to cope with environmental changes. Furthermore, compared to the large amount of research in laboratory species and humans, there is less information about domestic or wild animal species. This special series of Reproduction and Fertility on microbiomes is aiming at filling this gap with articles from experts highlighting important evidence in reproductive microbiomes, current research gaps, and new directions.

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Gut Steroids and Microbiota: Effect of Gonadectomy and Sex

Cited by 12 publications

References 80 publications

An altered gut microbiome in pre-eclampsia: cause or consequence

An altered gut microbiome in pre-eclampsia: cause or consequence

Gut microbiome influences incidence and outcomes of breast cancer by regulating levels and activity of steroid hormones in women

Special series on the role of the microbiome in reproduction and fertility

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