Gut microbiota profiling in Norwegian weaner pigs reveals potentially beneficial effects of a high-fiber rapeseed diet

Umu, Özgün Candan Onarman; Fauske, Aud Kari; Åkesson, Caroline Piercey; Nanclares, Marta Pérez de; Sørby, Randi; Press, Charles McL.; Øverland, Margareth; Sørum, Henning

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209439

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In addition, most of the genera with high relative abundances in group H were SCFA-producing and/or fiber-degrading bacteria, which have been associated with high feed efficiency and good health of pigs. For example, Butyricicoccus , Blautia , Bulleidia and Oribacterium are known to produce beneficial SCFAs (acetate and n -butyrate) which putatively contribute to the health of pigs [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Separately, Fibrobacter and Ruminococcus are known to degrade dietary fiber and produce SCFAs [ 29 , 30 ], and have been found to be abundant in the feces of sows fed a diet high in crude fiber and to improve the farrowing performance of sows [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

Uryu

Tsukahara

Ishikawa³

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Sow productivity, that is, the number of weaned piglets per sow per year, depends on their health status. The gut microbiota is considered a crucial factor in the health of pigs and may affect sow productivity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between productivity and the fecal microbiotas of sows in different farms. Feces of sows were collected from 18 farms (10 samples/farm). A total of 90 fecal samples of high-reproductive performance farms were labeled as group H, and 90 fecal samples from low-reproductive performance farms were labeled as group L. Fecal microbiotas were analyzed by 16S rRNA metagenomics, and the organic acids and putrefactive metabolites of the microbiotas were measured. β-diversity was significantly different between groups H and L (p < 0.01), and the relative abundances of 43 bacterial genera, including short-chain fatty acid-producing and fiber-degrading bacteria such as Ruminococcus, Fibrobacter and Butyricicoccus, significantly differed between groups (p < 0.05). In addition, the concentrations of acetate, propionate and n-butyrate were significantly higher in group H than in group L (p < 0.05). In conclusion, sow productivity in farms was likely associated with the compositions of the fecal microbiotas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

Uryu

Tsukahara

Ishikawa³

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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“…Promisingly, MSB+ significantly increased the abundance of Lachnospira spp . relative to CSB+ and Maize, which was also previously discovered to play an important anti-inflammatory effect in weaner pigs fed with a high-fiber diet [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millet-based supplement restored microbiota diversity of acute undernourished pigs

Yang

Ren

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The strong connection between undernutrition and gut microbiota (GM) has enabled microbiota-targeting to become an evolving strategy, which witnessed urgent need for fortified formula of supplementary food in undernutrition therapy. Using undernourished pigs as models, we investigated how corn- and millet-based nutritional supplement acted differently in modulating microbiota. Undernourished pigs at age of 9 weeks were fed with pure maize diet (Maize), corn-based (CSB+) and millet-based (MSB+) supplementary food for 3 weeks. Compared with Maize group, both CSB+ and MSB+ improved serum total protein and globulin level, but no physiological improvement was observed by short-term food intervention. MSB+ shown superior influence on GM immaturity which were more normally-grown like at both structural and functional level. Higher level of Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes and lower level of Preteobacteria were detected in MSB+ fed piglets in contrast with CSB+. Lachnospira.spp was significantly raised after nutritional intervention, indicating high correlation with the undernutrition-associated phenotype. Thus, especially from the GM aspect, millet could be one promising source to help undernourished children reconstruct balanced microbiota in short therapeutic term.

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“…Microbial fermentation of undigested fibres usually takes place in the distal part of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in the formation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), that are known to influence physiological functioning of the intestines such as formation and protection of intestinal barrier as well as host defence and inflammatory responses (Den Besten et al, 2013; Furusawa et al, 2013; van der Beek et al, 2017; Xiong et al, 2019). Several studies have evaluated the impact of dietary fibres on intestinal microbiota composition, focussing mostly on weaned or growing pigs (Yao, 2008; Ivarsson et al, 2012; Liu et al, 2012, 2018; Haenen et al, 2013; Dicksved et al, 2015; Umu et al, 2015, 2018; Burbach et al, 2017; Zhao et al, 2018; Soler et al, 2018; Yin et al, 2019; Chen et al, 2020). However, only a handful of studies have modulated the early-life “window of opportunity” using dietary treatments in neonatal piglets and evaluated the impact of fibres on microbiota composition (Shim et al, 2005; Berding et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2016; Mu et al, 2017; Schokker et al, 2018; Van Hees et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life feeding accelerates gut microbiome maturation in piglets

Choudhury

Middelkoop

Gerrits

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Early-life microbiome perturbations have been suggested to have important effects on host development, physiology, and behaviour, which can persist throughout life. We hypothesise that early feeding (access to a pre-weaning fibrous diet) can affect gut microbiome colonisation and development in neonatal piglets. In this longitudinal study, a customised fibrous diet was provided to early-fed piglets (EF; 6 litters) starting two days after birth until weaning (28 days of age) in addition to mother milk, whereas control piglets (CON; 4 litters) suckled sow milk only. Rectal swabs were collected at multiple timepoints until six weeks of age (i.e., 2 weeks post-weaning) to investigate intestinal microbiota composition development over time using 16S rRNA gene profiling (n = 10 piglets per treatment). We observed a dynamic intestinal microbiota colonisation pattern during the pre-weaning period in both treatment groups, which rapidly stabilised within 2 weeks post-weaning. The microbial (alpha) diversity increased with age and seemed to reach a plateau in the early post-weaning time-point (day+5). The homogenous post-weaning microbiota was represented by microbial groups including Prevotella, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Megasphaera, Catenibacterium and Subdoligranulum. Remarkably, early feeding of neonatal piglets resulted in accelerated maturation of the intestinal microbiota at pre-weaning time-points, characterised by increased rate of microbial diversity and expanded colonisation of typical post-weaning associated microbial groups (mentioned above) at pre-weaning stages. The acceleration in EF piglets was illustrated by the simultaneous emergence of typical post-weaning-associated microbial groups and a more rapid decline of typical early-life/pre-weaning microbial genera. In addition, the individual eating behaviour scores of the piglets quantitatively correlated with the accelerated change of their microbiome. Overall, these findings show the importance of early-life nutritional strategies to influence the gut microbiota maturation in piglets.

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Gut microbiota profiling in Norwegian weaner pigs reveals potentially beneficial effects of a high-fiber rapeseed diet

Cited by 25 publications

References 58 publications

Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

Millet-based supplement restored microbiota diversity of acute undernourished pigs

Early-life feeding accelerates gut microbiome maturation in piglets

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