Gut Microbiota Profile of Obese Diabetic Women Submitted to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Its Association with Food Intake and Postoperative Diabetes Remission

Abstract

Gut microbiota composition is influenced by environmental factors and has been shown to impact body metabolism. Objective: To assess the gut microbiota profile before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and the correlation with food intake and postoperative type 2 diabetes remission (T2Dr). Design: Gut microbiota profile from obese diabetic women was evaluated before (n = 25) and 3 (n = 20) and 12 months (n = 14) after RYGB, using MiSeq Illumina-based V4 bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling. Data on food intake (7-day record) and T2Dr (American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria) were recorded. Results: Preoperatively, the abundance of five bacteria genera differed between patients with (57%) and without T2Dr (p < 0.050). Preoperative gut bacteria genus signature was able to predict the T2Dr status with 0.94 accuracy ROC curve (receiver operating characteristic curve). Postoperatively (vs. preoperative), the relative abundance of some gut bacteria genera changed, the gut microbial richness increased, and the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio (rFB) decreased (p < 0.05) regardless of T2Dr. Richness levels was correlated with dietary profile pre and postoperatively, mainly displaying positive and inverse correlations with fiber and lipid intakes, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Gut microbiota profile was influenced by RYGB and correlated with diet and T2Dr preoperatively, suggesting the possibility to assess its composition to predict postoperative T2Dr.

Colorectal Polyp Prevalence According to Alcohol Consumption, Smoking and Obesity

“…Concerning the last aspect, recent studies have shown that diet has an important role in shaping the gut microbiota [33][34][35]. According to previous studies that reported the correlation between colorectal and dietary factors [36], we believe dietary factors influenced our results. However, our study did not discuss the relation between the dietary and colorectal polyps because dietary variables were not directly measured.…”

A Longitudinal Study of the Antioxidant Barrier and Oxidative Stress in Morbidly Obese Patients after Bariatric Surgery. Does the Metabolic Syndrome Affect the Redox Homeostasis of Obese People?

“…Nowadays, bariatric surgery is the most efficient method of obesity treatment [12]. Many studies have shown that bariatric surgery not only helps patients achieve long-term weight loss but also removes obesity-related complications, including T2DM and high blood pressure [13][14][15][16]. It has been demonstrated that weight-loss by laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy leads to a 40%-65% reduction in excess weight.…”

Potential contribution of the gut microbiota to hypoglycemia after gastric bypass surgery

“…[ 55 – 57 ] In addition to the alterations in microbial components, an increase in the gut microbial richness after RYGB was also uncovered in a clinical trial. [ 58 ] For the starting point and duration of the altered intestinal microbiome, a clinical trial detected and followed the alterations in gut microbiota in morbidly obese patients after RYGB. They showed that increased microbial diversity and altered composition could be observed within 3 months of RYGB and more than half of the changed bacteria were stable in relative abundance 1 year later.…”

“…Studies have reported a possible association between RYGB-induced microbial changes and human metabolic indices in plasma. [ 58 , 60 ] Murphy et al [ 61 ] found that there were no phyla level changes in patients with persisting diabetes 1 year after RYGB; in those who achieved diabetes remission after RYGB, there were three significant changes at the phyla level (increases in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, decrease in Bacteroidetes) and 13 significant changes at the species level. In another study, significant correlations were found between plasma glucose with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , as well as HbA1c with Trichothecium roseum and Veillonella parvula.…”