Gut Microbiota Profile and Its Association with Clinical Variables and Dietary Intake in Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study

Companys, Judit; Gosalbes, María José; Pla‐Pagà, Laura; Calderón-Pérez, Lorena; Llauradó, Elisabet; Pedret, Anna; Valls, Rosa M.; Jiménez‐Hernández, Nuria; Sandoval-Ramírez, Berner Andrée; Bas, Josep Maria del; Caimari, Antoni; Rubió, Laura; Solà, Rosa

doi:10.3390/nu13062032

Cited by 97 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A 2020 study reported a positive association between Acidaminococcus and body mass index (BMI), as well as waist and hip circumferences in Bangladeshi adults [ 70 ]. Companys et al demonstrated that anthropometric parameters were positively associated with Collinsella aerofaciens , Dorea formicigenerans and Dorea longicatena , which had higher abundances in overweight/obese subjects [ 71 ]. Saturated fatty acids were negatively associated with the Intestinimonas , a biomarker of the overweight/obese subjects.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Composition In Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors reported that the microbiome had little effect on LDL-C or total cholesterol (TC). A more recent 2021 study showed that genera of the Lachnospiraceae family are negatively associated with lipid CVD risk factors including body fat, LDL-C and TC [ 71 ]. Liang et al demonstrated that a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD) significantly decreased the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota in mice compared with high-fat diet (HFD) alone [ 76 ].…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Composition In Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been classified as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. CVD risk factors include smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obesity, inflammation and diabetes. The gut microbiota can influence human health through multiple interactions and community changes are associated with the development and progression of numerous disease states, including CVD. The gut microbiota are involved in the production of several metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). These products of microbial metabolism are important modulatory factors and have been associated with an increased risk of CVD. Due to its association with CVD development, the gut microbiota has emerged as a target for therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on the role of the gut microbiome in CVD development, and associated microbial communities, functions, and metabolic profiles. We also discuss CVD therapeutic interventions that target the gut microbiota such as probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation.

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Section: Gut Microbiota Composition In Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gut Microbiota Composition In Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2021

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“…Several of the reviewed studies reported a decrease in abundance of species Dorea longicatena in patients with an RTI compared to controls [ 30 , 46 , 49 , 50 , 53 ]. D. longicatena has been reported as a biomarker for obesity [ 64 ], yet it’s role in RTI is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory tract infections and gut microbiome modifications: A systematic review

2022

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Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are extremely common and can cause gastrointestinal tract symptoms and changes to the gut microbiota, yet these effects are poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the reported evidence of gut microbiome alterations in patients with a RTI compared to healthy controls (PROSPERO: CRD42019138853). We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and the Clinical Trial Database for studies published between January 2015 and June 2021. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were human cohorts describing the gut microbiome in patients with an RTI compared to healthy controls and the infection was caused by a viral or bacterial pathogen. Dual data screening and extraction with narrative synthesis was performed. We identified 1,593 articles and assessed 11 full texts for inclusion. Included studies (some nested) reported gut microbiome changes in the context of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n = 5), influenza (H1N1 and H7N9) (n = 2), Tuberculosis (TB) (n = 4), Community-Acquired Pneumonia CAP (n = 2) and recurrent RTIs (rRTI) (n = 1) infections. We found studies of patients with an RTI compared to controls reported a decrease in gut microbiome diversity (Shannon) of 1.45 units (95% CI, 0.15–2.50 [p, <0.0001]) and a lower abundance of taxa (p, 0.0086). Meta-analysis of the Shannon value showed considerable heterogeneity between studies (I2, 94.42). Unbiased analysis displayed as a funnel plot revealed a depletion of Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Ruminococcus and enrichment of Enterococcus. There was an important absence in the lack of cohort studies reporting gut microbiome changes and high heterogeneity between studies may be explained by variations in microbiome methods and confounder effects. Further human cohort studies are needed to understand RTI-induced gut microbiome changes to better understand interplay between microbes and respiratory health.

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“…Specifically, bacteria of the Oscillospira genus and Coriobacteriaceae family were associated with good metabolic health. In a study population encompassing people with normal weight and overweight/obesity, the abundance of specific genera correlated with metabolic characteristics 50. Notably, anthropometric parameters were positively associated with Collinsella aerofaciens , Dorea formicigenerans and D. longicatena , which had higher abundance in people with overweight/obesity.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome and Host Metabolic Phenotypementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Furthermore, a high intake of mainly saturated fatty acids (SFAs) has been associated with a decrease in gut microbial richness and diversity in both adults and infants 146 147. In people with overweight and obesity, SFAs were negatively associated with the genus Intestinimonas , whereas SFAs were positively associated with Roseburia , which was also highly abundant in individuals with normal body weight 50. In this study, habitual SFA intake exhibited opposite association profiles with butyrate-producing bacteria, depending on the BMI.…”

Section: Dietary Macronutrients Microbial Composition and Metabolic H...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary macronutrients and the gut microbiome: a precision nutrition approach to improve cardiometabolic health

Jardon

Canfora

Goossens

et al. 2022

Gut

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Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiome is an important regulator of body weight, glucose and lipid metabolism, and inflammatory processes, and may thereby play a key role in the aetiology of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Interindividual responsiveness to specific dietary interventions may be partially determined by differences in baseline gut microbiota composition and functionality between individuals with distinct metabolic phenotypes. However, the relationship between an individual’s diet, gut microbiome and host metabolic phenotype is multidirectional and complex, yielding a challenge for practical implementation of targeted dietary guidelines. In this review, we discuss the latest research describing interactions between dietary composition, the gut microbiome and host metabolism. Furthermore, we describe how this knowledge can be integrated to develop precision-based nutritional strategies to improve bodyweight control and metabolic health in humans. Specifically, we will address that (1) insight in the role of the baseline gut microbial and metabolic phenotype in dietary intervention response may provide leads for precision-based nutritional strategies; that (2) the balance between carbohydrate and protein fermentation by the gut microbiota, as well as the site of fermentation in the colon, seems important determinants of host metabolism; and that (3) ‘big data’, including multiple omics and advanced modelling, are of undeniable importance in predicting (non-)response to dietary interventions. Clearly, detailed metabolic and microbial phenotyping in humans is necessary to better understand the link between diet, the gut microbiome and host metabolism, which is required to develop targeted dietary strategies and guidelines for different subgroups of the population.

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Gut Microbiota Profile and Its Association with Clinical Variables and Dietary Intake in Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 97 publications

References 37 publications

Exploring the Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease

Exploring the Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease

Respiratory tract infections and gut microbiome modifications: A systematic review

Dietary macronutrients and the gut microbiome: a precision nutrition approach to improve cardiometabolic health

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