Gut microbiota, metabolome and immune signatures in patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease

Barbara, Giovanni; Scaioli, Eleonora; Barbaro, Maria Raffaella; Biagi, Elena; Laghi, Luca; Cremon, Cesare; Marasco, Giovanni; Colecchia, Antonio; Picone, Gianfranco; Salfi, Nunzio; Capozzi, Francesco; Brigidi, Patrizia; Festi, Davide

doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312377

Cited by 153 publications

(216 citation statements)

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“…In several related studies, these methods have been found optimal for following the possible consequences of inflammation caused by exogenous agents [47,48,49]. Sixty-six molecules were quantified, mainly pertaining to amino acids, short chain fatty acids and organic acids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of Microencapsulated Iron from Fortified Bread Assessed Using Piglet Model

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of oral iron supplementation, in the form of fortified breads, on the growth performance, health, iron status parameters, and fecal metabolome of anemic piglets. A study was conducted on 24 hybrid (Large White × Landrace × Duroc) piglets. From day 44, the post-natal 12 piglets were supplemented with 100 g of one of two experimental breads, each fortified with 21 mg of ferrous sulphate, either encapsulated or not. After one week of oral supplementation, hematological parameters (hematocrit value, hemoglobin, and red blood cells) showed statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05). Piglets fed with the fortified breads had higher iron concentrations in the heart, liver, and intestinal mucosa compared to anemic piglets fed with control bread. Gene expression of hepcidin, iron exporter ferroportin (IREG1), and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), together with concentrations of plasma ferritin, showed no significant statistical differences between groups. Both fortified breads could be used as sources of bioavailable iron. The seven-day intervention trial showed microencapsulation to have only a mild effect on the effectiveness of iron supplementation in the form of fortified bread.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of Microencapsulated Iron from Fortified Bread Assessed Using Piglet Model

et al. 2017

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“…However, there is no doubt, for example, that the microbiota in patients with IBD suffers from significant changes in its bacterial composition 51. Even though data are scarce for the moment, we can presume that other diseases that will finally point towards a colorectal surgery such as repeated diverticulitis or colorectal cancer are also characterised by changes in the microbial diversity also leading to a chronic inflammatory status, as recently shown by Barbara et al68 All these changes threaten the microbiota diversity and allow pathogenic bacteria that contribute to postsurgical complications to thrive. Hence, pushing the research to try to find clinical viable solution to ameliorate the preoperative microbiota should be a priority.…”

Section: Influence On and Changes In The Gut Microbiota After Intestimentioning

confidence: 96%

Novel insight into the role of microbiota in colorectal surgery

Bachmann

Diller

Delzenne

et al. 2017

Gut

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Recent literature undeniably supports the idea that the microbiota has a strong influence on the healing process of an intestinal anastomosis. Understanding the mechanisms by which the bacterial community of the gut influences intestinal healing could open the door for new preventive and therapeutic approaches. Among the different mechanisms, data have shown that the production of specific reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of specific formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) regulate intestinal wound healing. Evidence suggests that specific gut microbes such as spp and help to regulate healing processes through both ROS-dependent and FPR-dependent mechanisms. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge and future perspectives concerning the impact of microbiota on wound healing. We will further review available evidence on whether mechanical bowel preparation and the use of specific antibiotics are beneficial or harmful procedures, an ongoing matter of debate. These practices have a profound effect on the gut microbiota composition at the level of both the mucosal and the luminal compartments. Therefore, a key question remains unanswered: Current knowledge and data do not clearly support the use of one technique or another to avoid complications such as anastomotic leak. There is an urgent need for appropriate interventions with a deep microbiota analysis to investigate both the surgical technical benefits of a proper anastomosis compared with the potential effect of the gut microbes (beneficial vs harmful) on the processes of wound healing and anastomotic leakage reduction.

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“…A recent, retrospective study found that chronically recurrent diverticulitis has a specific microbial ecosystem that differs from that of uninflamed colonic tissue [26]. Moreover, two recent pilot studies found that SUDD patients have dysbiosis when compared with patients with simple diverticulosis, and this dysbiosis seems to influence also the host metabolome [27,28]. No further information can be drawn from these preliminary studies due to the small number of patients involved, and further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms that lead from dysbiosis to inflammation.…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathophysiology of Colonic Diverticulosis: Inflammation versus Constipation?

Elisei¹,

Tursi²

2018

Inflamm Intest Dis

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Background: Diverticulosis of the colon is the most common anatomic alteration of the human colon, but the pathophysiologic mechanisms of its occurrence are not completely understood. Summary: Constipation has been considered the key factor for diverticulosis occurrence. However, several fine papers questioned this pathogenetic hypothesis, showing on the contrary an inverse relationship between low number of bowel movements and diverticulosis occurrence. In the last years, several papers have showed the role of low-grade inflammation in the occurrence of symptoms in people having diverticulosis, as well as its role on symptom persistence following acute diverticulitis, even if the evidence available is not so strong. Although the trigger of this low-grade inflammation is currently under debate, some preliminary evidence found colonic dysbiosis linked to symptom occurrence in those patients. Key Messages: Constipation no longer seems the leading cause for diverticulosis occurrence, while low-grade inflammation could play a role in symptom occurrence.

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Gut microbiota, metabolome and immune signatures in patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease

Cited by 153 publications

References 50 publications

Bioavailability of Microencapsulated Iron from Fortified Bread Assessed Using Piglet Model

Bioavailability of Microencapsulated Iron from Fortified Bread Assessed Using Piglet Model

Novel insight into the role of microbiota in colorectal surgery

The Pathophysiology of Colonic Diverticulosis: Inflammation versus Constipation?

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