Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and colorectal cancer: Ready for clinical translation?

Hou, Huiqin; Chen, Danfeng; Zhang, Kexin; Zhang, Wanru; Li, Tianyu; Sinan, Wang; Dai, Xin; Wang, Bangmao; Zhong, Weilong; Cao, Hailong

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.027

Cited by 116 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Recent studies have indicated that a dysregulation of gut microbiota plays a critical role in the development and the progression of several diseases, including colon cancer and liver cancer [ 6 , 23 ]. Therefore, we sought to investigate whether SCS treatment can affect the composition of gut microbiota.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sturgeon Chondroitin Sulfate Restores the Balance of Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Bearing Mice

Shen

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a well-known bioactive substance with multiple biological functions, which can be extracted from animal cartilage or bone. Sturgeon, the largest soft bone animal with ~20% cartilage content, is a great candidate for CS production. Our recent study confirmed the role of sturgeon chondroitin sulfate (SCS) in reducing colorectal cancer cell proliferation and tumor formation. Here, we further studied the effect of SCS on modulating gut microbiome structure in colorectal cancer bearing mice. In this study, the transplanted tumor mice model was constructed to demonstrate that SCS can effectively halt the growth of transplanted colorectal tumor cells. Next, we showed that SCS significantly altered the gut microbiome, such as the abundance of Lactobacillales, Gastranaerophilales, Ruminiclostridiun_5 and Ruminiclostridiun_6. According to linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and abundance map analysis of the microbial metabolic pathways, the changes in microbial abundance led to an increase of certain metabolites (e.g., Phe, Tyr, and Gly). Fecal metabolome results demonstrated that SCS can significantly reduce the amount of certain amino acids such as Phe, Pro, Ala, Tyr and Leu presented in the feces, suggesting that SCS might inhibit colorectal cancer growth by modulating the gut microbiome and altering the production of certain amino acids. Our results revealed the therapeutic potential of SCS to facilitate treatment of colorectal cancer. This study provides insights into the development of novel food-derived therapies for colorectal cancer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbiota refers to trillions of microorganisms living in the digestive tract of the body. They form a relatively stable gut microecology [ 6 ]. The stability of microbiota is related to host age, genetic background, diet, and living environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sturgeon Chondroitin Sulfate Restores the Balance of Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Bearing Mice

Shen

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…However, the results of the present study indicate that the LAB-generated sourdoughs and breads have the potential to establish or maintain a favorable and healthy environment in the colon by the formation of SCFA. The reduction of pH values might be associated with prebiotic effects by stimulating the growth of acidophilic microbial strains, such as Bifidobacteriaceae , or protection against the growth of pathogenic strains [ 81 , 82 , 83 ]. Furthermore, butyrate as a chemopreventive metabolite of dietary fiber fermentation particularly exhibits colon health-promoting and anticancer effects [ 82 , 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduction of pH values might be associated with prebiotic effects by stimulating the growth of acidophilic microbial strains, such as Bifidobacteriaceae , or protection against the growth of pathogenic strains [ 81 , 82 , 83 ]. Furthermore, butyrate as a chemopreventive metabolite of dietary fiber fermentation particularly exhibits colon health-promoting and anticancer effects [ 82 , 84 ]. Butyrate has a key role as a so-called “blocking agent” in primary chemoprevention (characterized by enhancing the elimination of ROS and detoxification) and as a so-called “suppressing agent” in secondary chemoprevention of colon cancer (characterized by inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis) [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the β-Glucan-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Levilactobacillus brevis and Pediococcus claussenii for Sourdough Fermentation—Chemical Characterization and Chemopreventive Potential of In Situ-Enriched Wheat and Rye Sourdoughs and Breads

et al. 2022

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The aim of the present study was to examine β-glucan production and the potential prebiotic and chemopreventive effects of wheat and rye sourdoughs and breads generated with wild-type and non-β-glucan-forming isogenic mutant strains of Levilactobacillus brevis and Pediococcus claussenii. Sourdough and bread samples were subjected to in vitro digestion and fermentation. Fermentation supernatants (FS) and pellets (FP) were analyzed (pH values, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), ammonia, bacterial taxa) and the effects of FS on LT97 colon adenoma cell growth, viability, caspase-2 and -3 activity, genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects and on gene and protein expression of p21, cyclin D2, catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were examined. Concentrations of SCFA were increased and concentrations of ammonia were partly reduced in the FS. The relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae was increased in all FPs. Treatment with FS reduced the growth and viability of LT97 cells and significantly increased caspase-2 and -3 activities without exhibiting genotoxic or antigenotoxic effects. The p21 mRNA and protein levels were increased while that of cyclin D2 was reduced. Catalase and SOD2 mRNA and protein expression were marginally induced. The presented results indicate a comparable chemopreventive potential of wheat and rye sourdoughs and breads without an additional effect of the formed β-glucan.

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“…It has been reported that microbes may modulate cancer susceptibility or progression via metabolites ( Peng et al, 2021 ). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the principal metabolites generated from gut microbial fermentation from insoluble dietary fiber or supplementation with SCFA-producing probiotics, can inhibit intestinal tumor development ( Hou et al, 2022 ). Major SCFAs include acetate, butyrate, and propionate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolome in Colorectal Cancer: Implication of Intestinal Metabolism for Tumorigenesis

Tang

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Objective: The gut microbiota and its metabolites are important for host physiological homeostasis, while dysbiosis is related to diseases including the development of cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we characterized the relationship of an altered gut microbiome with the fecal metabolome in CRC patients in comparison with volunteers having a normal colorectal mucous membrane (NC).Methods: The richness and composition of the microbiota in fecal samples of 30 CRC patients and 36 NC controls were analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the metabolome was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Spearman correlation analysis was to determine the correlation between the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome in CRC patients.Results: There were significant alterations in the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome in CRC patients compared with NC controls. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Proteobacteria dominated the gut microbial communities at the phylum level in both groups. Compared with NC controls, CRC patients had a lower frequency of Blautia and Lachnospiracaea but a higher abundance of Bacteroides fragilis and Prevotella. Regarding the fecal metabolome, twenty-nine metabolites were identified as having significantly changed, showing increased levels of adrenic acid, decanoic acid, arachidonic acid, and tryptophan but a reduction in various monosaccharides in the fecal samples of CRC patients. Moreover, increased abundance of Bacteroides fragilis was strongly associated with decreased levels of monosaccharides, while Blautia was positively associated with the production of monosaccharides in the fecal samples.Conclusion: These results highlight alterations of gut microbiota in association with certain metabolites in CRC progression, implying potential diagnostic and intervention potential for CRC.

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Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and colorectal cancer: Ready for clinical translation?

Cited by 116 publications

References 112 publications

Sturgeon Chondroitin Sulfate Restores the Balance of Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Bearing Mice

Sturgeon Chondroitin Sulfate Restores the Balance of Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Bearing Mice

Use of the β-Glucan-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Levilactobacillus brevis and Pediococcus claussenii for Sourdough Fermentation—Chemical Characterization and Chemopreventive Potential of In Situ-Enriched Wheat and Rye Sourdoughs and Breads

Alterations of the Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolome in Colorectal Cancer: Implication of Intestinal Metabolism for Tumorigenesis

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