Gut microbiota composition and functional changes in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome

Vila, Arnau Vich; Imhann, Floris; Collij, Valerie; Jankipersadsing, Soesma A; Gurry, Thomas; Mujagic, Zlatan; Kurilshikov, Alexander; Bonder, Marc Jan; Jiang, Xiaofang; Tigchelaar, Ettje F.; Dekens, Jackie; Peters, Vera; Voskuil, Michiel; Visschedijk, Marijn C.; Dullemen, Hendrik M. van; Keszthelyi, Dániel; Swertz, Morris A.; Franke, Lude; Alberts, Rudi; Festen, Eleonora A. M.; Dijkstra, Gerard; Masclee, Ad; Hofker, Marten H.; Xavier, Ramnik J.; Alm, Eric J.; Fu, Jingyuan; Wijmenga, Cisca; Jonkers, Daisy; Zhernakova, Alexandra; Weersma, Rinse K.

doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aap8914

Cited by 360 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Both tissues are known to be strongly connected to microbiome composition, so our results support the role of the gut microbiome on the gut-brain axis, and likely in gastrointestinal, brain and mood disorders, which have been the focus of several studies, e.g. [41][42][43] . The PheWAS analysis revealed a significant overlap between the 20 genetic effect on gut microbes and a broad range of host phenotypes, including metabolic traits (6 mbTLs), cell signaling traits (3 mbTLs), immunological traits (2 mbTLs), nutritional phenotypes (2 mbTLs), psychiatric traits (2 mbTLs) and other phenotype groups (Table S14).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition

Kurilshikov¹,

Medina‐Gomez²,

Bacigalupe³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractTo study the effect of host genetics on gut microbiome composition, the MiBioGen consortium curated and analyzed whole-genome genotypes and 16S fecal microbiome data from 18,473 individuals (25 cohorts). Microbial composition showed high variability across cohorts: we detected only 9 out of 410 genera in more than 95% of the samples. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of host genetic variation in relation to microbial taxa identified 30 loci affecting microbome taxa at a genome-wide significant (P<5×10-8) threshold. Just one locus, the lactase (LCT) gene region, reached study-wide significance (GWAS signal P=8.6×10−21); it showed an age-dependent association with Bifidobacterium abundance. Other associations were suggestive (1.94×10−10<P<5×10−8) but enriched for taxa showing high heritability and for genes expressed in the intestine and brain. A phenome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization analyses identified enrichment of microbiome trait loci SNPs in the metabolic, nutrition and environment domains and indicated food preferences and diseases as mediators of genetic effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition

Kurilshikov¹,

Medina‐Gomez²,

Bacigalupe³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex ecosystem housing millions of resident microorganisms, collectively termed the “gut microbiome.” Compositional variations or other dysregulations of the gut microbiome are increasingly believed to play key roles in the pathogenesis of a growing number of enteric, metabolic, and psychiatric diseases . Microbial biomarkers have been shown useful for identifying novel diagnostic and differential diagnostic tools, for these disorders .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Signatures Can Discriminate Unipolar from Bipolar Depression

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2020

Advanced Science

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Discriminating depressive episodes of bipolar disorder (BD) from major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major clinical challenge. Recently, gut microbiome alterations are implicated in these two mood disorders; however, little is known about the shared and distinct microbial characteristics in MDD versus BD. Here, using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, the microbial compositions of 165 subjects with MDD are compared with 217 BD, and 217 healthy controls (HCs). It is found that the microbial compositions are different between the three groups. Compared to HCs, MDD is characterized by altered covarying operational taxonomic units (OTUs) assigned to the Bacteroidaceae family, and BD shows disturbed covarying OTUs belonging to Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, and Ruminococcaceae families. Furthermore, a signature of 26 OTUs is identified that can distinguish patients with MDD from those with BD or HCs, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.961 to 0.986 in discovery sets, and 0.702 to 0.741 in validation sets. Moreover, 4 of 26 microbial markers correlate with disease severity in MDD or BD. Together, distinct gut microbial compositions are identified in MDD compared to BD and HCs, and a novel marker panel is provided for distinguishing MDD from BD based on gut microbiome signatures.

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“…More precisely, three alterations, visceral hypersensitivity, defined as an increase in the perception of stimuli from the digestive tract, alterations in gastrointestinal motor activity and psychological stress, represent the main pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this syndrome [3][4][5]. Recent studies have demonstrated some alterations of the gut microbiota, immune system, and intestinal permeability in these patients; however, further studies are necessary in order to confirm a specific role of these factors in the disease development [6][7][8][9][10]. IBS diagnosis is based on the anamnesis, physical examination, and symptoms reported in accordance with the Rome IV criteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence and Effects Derived from FODMAP Diet on Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Real Life Evaluation of a Large Follow-Up Observation

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome represents one of the most difficult gastroenterological diseases to treat, that usually induces the patients to follow different drug therapies, often not useful in symptom control. In this scenario low FODMAP diet could have positive effects in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, even because this type of diet regimen is characterized by a low gluten amount due to the exclusion of cereals. Methods: We enrolled 120 patients with irritable bowel syndrome, according to the Rome IV criteria, who were referred to Hepatogastroenterology Division of the University of Campania L. Vanvitelli from June to December 2018. They underwent a low FODMAP diet for six weeks, followed by a gradual weekly reintroduction of every category of food for three months. The patients had a follow-up evaluation for six months after the end of food reintroduction period. We measured abdominal pain with subjective numerical scale from 0 to 10. We evaluated other gastrointestinal symptoms with a questionnaire about symptoms of lower digestive tract, evaluating their frequency and intensity. We also evaluated the impact of irritable bowel syndrome on daily life with neurological bowel dysfunction score. Results: We obtained a good patient-adherence to diet and a statistically significant decrease of abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation, and neurological bowel dysfunction score (p < 0.001) at the end of the diet. These results remained constant in the follow-up period. Conclusions: We recommend the use of a low FODMAP diet regimen in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in order to control the symptoms and improve the quality of life.

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Gut microbiota composition and functional changes in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome

Cited by 360 publications

References 49 publications

Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition

Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition

Gut Microbial Signatures Can Discriminate Unipolar from Bipolar Depression

Adherence and Effects Derived from FODMAP Diet on Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Real Life Evaluation of a Large Follow-Up Observation

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