Gut microbiota as important modulator of metabolism in health and disease

Wang, Xijun; Zhang, Aihua; Jin, Miao; Sun, Hui; Ge, Yan; Wu, Fangfang

doi:10.1039/c8ra08094a

Cited by 78 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…Paired-end reads that matched the adapter sequences were trimmed by cutadapt (version 1.1.6) 20 . The resulting FASTQ files containing paired-end reads were merged with CASPER and then quality filtered with Phred (Q) score based criteria described by Bokulich 21,22 . Any read shorter than 350 bp or longer than 550 bp after merging was also discarded.…”

Section: Bioinformaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Kim

Yang

Seo³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type cancers in the world. CRC occurs sporadically in the majority of cases, indicating the predominant cause of the disease are environmental factors. Diet-induced changes in gut-microbiome are recently supposed to contribute on epidemics of CRC. This study was aimed to investigate the association of metagenomics and metabolomics in gut extracellular vesicles (EVs) of CRC and healthy subjects. A total of 40 healthy volunteers and 32 patients with CRC were enrolled in this study. Metagenomic profiling by sequencing 16 S rDNA was performed for assessing microbial codiversity. We explored the small molecule metabolites using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In total, stool EVs were prepared from 40 healthy volunteers and 32 patients with CRC. Metagenomic profiling demonstrated that bacterial phyla, particularly of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, were significantly altered in patients with colorectal cancer. Through metabolomics profiling, we determined seven amino acids, four carboxylic acids, and four fatty acids; including short-chain to long chain fatty acids that altered in the disease group. Binary logistic regression was further tested to evaluate the diagnostic performance. In summary, the present findings suggest that gut flora dysbiosis may result in alternation of amino acid metabolism, which may be correlated with the pathogenesis of CRC.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type cancers in the world 1 . The majority of CRC occurs sporadically, indicating that environmental influences are the predominant cause of the disease 2 . Dietary pattern has long been considered as the most important lifestyle risk factor for CRC. In vivo and in vitro studies have investigated the effect of protein intake on CRC risk and suggest that consumption of excessive protein could lead to DNA damage and influence on the maintenance of colonocyte intergrity 3,4 . Diet-induced changes in gut-microbiome are recently supposed to contribute on epidemics of CRC. Accordingly, studies have suggested that the intestinal microbiome might be important for CRC initiation and progression, since tumors preferentially develop in the distal colon and rectum, which are colonized by approximately 70% of host microbiomes 2,5 . The microbiome has the potential to generate a microenvironment that favors the development of CRC, presumably by recruiting mediators such as interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and reactive oxygen species 6,7 . Furthermore, metabolic products of the gut microbiota might increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. For example, high levels of acetaldehyde produced by the gut microbiota can break down colonial folate, thereby increasing CRC risk 7 .Microbe-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as an important new research subject in understanding the intersection of the gut-microbial communities and human health. Gut microbiota can secrete different types of EVs, including outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), shedding vesicles, and a...

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Section: Bioinformaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Kim

Yang

Seo³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In this regard, systems biology [1,2] is well-equipped to integrate findings and define the genetic variability and functional metabolites [3] in a model plant system. Model plant research, such as that of well-known Arabidopsis thaliana [4][5][6][7] and the extensively-studied medicinal plant, Papaver somniferum [8][9][10][11][12], highlight the significance of gathering information about regulation of plant fitness and homeostatic mechanisms of metabolites [13] orchestrated by the host genome and its affiliated microbial metagenome [14]. Such an approach notably reveals the importance of the plant's genome-microbiome interactions [15], which changes under stress or disease conditions [16,17] as plants selectively source their microbiomes to suit their needs [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Prospects for Cannabis-Microbiome Research to Ensure Quality and Safety of Products

et al. 2020

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Cannabis legalization has occurred in several countries worldwide. Along with steadily growing research in Cannabis healthcare science, there is an increasing interest for scientific-based knowledge in plant microbiology and food science, with work connecting the plant microbiome and plant health to product quality across the value chain of cannabis. This review paper provides an overview of the state of knowledge and challenges in Cannabis science, and thereby identifies critical risk management and safety issues in order to capitalize on innovations while ensuring product quality control. It highlights scientific gap areas to steer future research, with an emphasis on plant-microbiome sciences committed to using cutting-edge technologies for more efficient Cannabis production and high-quality products intended for recreational, pharmaceutical, and medicinal use.

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“…Gut microbiota plays essential roles in the maintenance of human health and involves in the development of various diseases [20]. The large group of microbial microflorae inside the gastrointestinal tract can also form a host-microbiota co-metabolism structure that participates in a variety of metabolic processes in the body [21]. Herein, we elucidated the gut microbiota was perturbed by oral exposure to ZnONPs, and this microbiota dysbiosis was strongly associated with neurobehavioral dysfunction, mainly manifested by spatial learning and memory deficits and locomotor activity inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk of gut microbiota and serum/hippocampus metabolites in neurobehavioral impairments induced by oral zinc oxide nanoparticles exposure

Chen

Zhang

Chang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Gut microbiome can be readily influenced by external factors, such as diet, antibiotic, bacterial/viral infection and environmental toxicants. Gut microbiota-mediated effects of engineered nanomaterials as such become the new frontiers in nanotoxicology. Methods An integrated approach combining 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics was used to determine the potential mechanistic pathway by which disturbed gut microbiota induced by ZnONPs might modulate host physiology and neurobehavior. Results Herein, we showed oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), one typical kinds of nanomaterials used widely in the food industry, could cause the neurobehavioral dysfunctions in mice, manifested by spatial learning and memory deficits and locomotor activity inhibition. Our mechanistic results elucidated that ZnONPs exposure led to a marked disturbance of gut microbial composition but did not alter the microbiome α-diversity indexes. We also provided new evidence that neurobehavioral impairments induced by ZnONPs was closely associated with perturbation in the gut microbiota composition that were both specific to changes of neurobehavior-related genes (such as Bdnf and Dlg4 ) and correlated with serum and hippocampal metabolic disorders. Our data further identified a unique metabolite [DG(15:0/0:0/22:4n6)] that linked the relationships among gut microbiota, metabolites and neurobehavior-related genes. Conclusions ZnONPs exposure not only alters the gut microbiome community but also substantially disturbs its metabolic profiles, and therefore leading to neurobehavioral impairments vi gut-brain axis. These findings will provide a novel view for understanding the ZnONPs neurotoxicity through gut-brain axis and may lead to new potential prevention and treatment strategies.

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Gut microbiota as important modulator of metabolism in health and disease

Abstract: The human gastrointestinal tract colonizes a large number of microbial microflora to participate in various metabolic processes in the human body, and plays a major role in the host immune response.

Cited by 78 publications

References 128 publications

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Scientific Prospects for Cannabis-Microbiome Research to Ensure Quality and Safety of Products

Crosstalk of gut microbiota and serum/hippocampus metabolites in neurobehavioral impairments induced by oral zinc oxide nanoparticles exposure

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