Gut microbiota and irritable bowel syndrome

Abstract

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that poses a significant health concern. Although its etiology remains unknown, there is growing evidence that gut dysbiosis is involved in the development and exacerbation of IBS. Previous studies have reported altered microbial diversity, abundance, and composition in IBS patients when compared to controls. However, whether dysbiosis or aberrant changes in the intestinal microbiota can be used as a hallmark of IBS remains inconclusive. We reviewed the literatures on changes in and roles of intestinal microbiota in relation to IBS and discussed various gut microbiota manipulation strategies. Gut microbiota may affect IBS development by regulating the mucosal immune system, brain–gut–microbiome interaction, and intestinal barrier function. The advent of high‐throughput multi‐omics provides important insights into the pathogenesis of IBS and promotes the development of individualized treatment for IBS. Despite advances in currently available microbiota‐directed therapies, large‐scale, well‐organized, and long‐term randomized controlled trials are highly warranted to assess their clinical effects. Overall, gut microbiota alterations play a critical role in the pathophysiology of IBS, and modulation of microbiota has a significant therapeutic potential that requires to be further verified.

Gut dysbiosis in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The gut microbiota refers to the dynamic community of microorganisms inhabiting the gastro-intestinal tract, whereby the genetic and functional profile of microbial species is denoted as the gut microbiome ( 1 , 2 ). During the last decade, several studies pointed out associations between alterations in microbiota composition and diverse host disease conditions, among those gastrointestinal conditions [e.g., irritable bowel syndrome ( 3 ), gastroduodenal diseases ( 4 )] as well as more physically remote conditions among which neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, or multiple sclerosis) ( 5 ), or neuropsychiatric disorders ( 6 ). To accomplish these complex involvements, neuro-immune-endocrine mediators underlie the bidirectional communication network between the gut and the central nervous system, i.e.…”

Irritable bowel syndrome in children: pathogenetic significance of disorders of intestinal microbiota

“…Примечательно, что уровни интерлейкина-6 и интерферона-γ в крови и численность Verrucomicrobia и Akkermansia коррелировали с тяжестью депрессии у больных [27]. Эти данные свидетельствуют о том, что изменения численности Akkermansia и Sutterella можно использовать в качестве предикторов СРК, а продукцию цитокиновпри определении активности системного воспаления у больных СРК [28,29].…”

Combination of fenchone and sodium hyaluronate ameliorated constipation‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome and underlying mechanisms

“…have suggested that intestinal peristaltic dysfunction, visceral hyperalgesia, gut barrier dysfunction, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, abnormal mucosal immune response, low-grade inflammation, genetic factors, and brain-gut axis participate in the occurrence of IBS-C (Furgala et al, 2023;Vanuytsel et al, 2023;Zhao & Zou, 2023). Additionally, these factors may interact with each other, leading to the pathogenic and pathogenesis becoming more complex.…”