Gut microbiota and butyrate level changes associated with the long-term administration of proton pump inhibitors to old rats

Lee, Sun Min; Kim, Nayoung; Nam, Ryoung Hee; Park, Ji Hyun; Choi, Soo In; Park, Young Tae; Kim, Yeon Ran; Seok, Yeong‐Jae; Shin, Cheol Min; Lee, Dong Hoon

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43112-x

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…It also helps in the digestion process, and methane production [ 41 ]. However, the specific function of Clostridium saudiense is still needs to be explored in swine gut microbiome [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional and Functional Characteristics of Swine Slurry Microbes through 16S rRNA Metagenomic Sequencing Approach

Kumar

Jang

Kim³

et al. 2020

Animals

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Traditionally slurry is used as source of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in bio fertilizers to improve crop production. However, poorly managed slurry causes a hazardous effect to the environment by producing greenhouse gases, causing the eutrophication of water bodies, and polluting the groundwater. It has been largely reported that the microbial presence in slurry causing a diverse effect on its storage and disposal system. However, the diversity of bacterial populations in pig slurries remains largely unexplored. Here we report the bacterial diversity present in the slurry from slurry pits, and the effect of storage time on bacterial population. We collected 42 samples from three different pig slurry pits, as three replicates from each one until the 14th week. We used the 16S rRNA, Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) protocols for the metagenomic downstream analysis. Taxonomic annotation using the Greengenes metagenomic database indicated that on an average 76.2% Firmicutes, 14.4% Bacteroidetes, 4.9% Proteobacteria, etc. microbial populations were present. Comparative microbial analysis showed that the population of Firmicutes decreased from the first to the 14th week, whereas the population of Bacteroidetes increased from the first to the 14th week. Through principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), (linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), and Pearson’s correlation analysis, we found microbial biomarkers according to the storage time point. All bacterial populations were well clustered according to the early, middle, and last weeks of storage. LEfSe showed that Actinobacteria, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Bacteroidia are dominantly present in first, seventh, ninth, and 14th week, respectively. Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae are ubiquitous gastrointestinal non-pathogenic bacteria. KEGG pathways, such as membrane transport, carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, genetic replication and repair, were significant among all samples. Such a KEGG pathway may indicate the association between the host organism’s metabolic activity and the microbes present in the gastro intestinal tract (GIT).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional and Functional Characteristics of Swine Slurry Microbes through 16S rRNA Metagenomic Sequencing Approach

Kumar

Jang

Kim³

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Genomic DNA was extracted from the frozen fecal samples using a QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, United States) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. PCR amplification was carried out using the primers targeting the V3 to V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene of the extracted DNA to conduct metagenome sequencing, and were as follows 59 : 341F (5′-TCGTCGGCAGCGTCAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGCCTACGGGNGGCWGCAG-3′) and 805R (5′-GTCTCGTGGGCTCGGAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGGACTACHVGGGTATCTAATCC-3′). Next procedures were performed as described previously 59 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCR amplification was carried out using the primers targeting the V3 to V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene of the extracted DNA to conduct metagenome sequencing, and were as follows 59 : 341F (5′-TCGTCGGCAGCGTCAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGCCTACGGGNGGCWGCAG-3′) and 805R (5′-GTCTCGTGGGCTCGGAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGGACTACHVGGGTATCTAATCC-3′). Next procedures were performed as described previously 59 . Briefly, the identity of the PCR products was confirmed using electrophoresis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

17β-Estradiol supplementation changes gut microbiota diversity in intact and colorectal cancer-induced ICR male mice

Song

Kim

Nam

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by sex hormones and colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, we reported that 17β-estradiol (E2) inhibits azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/ DSS)-induced tumorigenesis in male mice. Here, we investigated whether the composition of the gut microbiota is different between male and female, and is regulated by estrogen as a secondary outcome of previous studies. We established four groups of mice based on the sex and estrogen status [ovariectomized (OVX) female and E2-treated male]. Additionally, three groups of males were established by treating them with AOM/DSS, and E2, after subjecting them to AOM/DSS treatment. The mice were sacrificed at 21 weeks old. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA metagenomics sequencing. We observed a significant increase in the microbial diversity (Chao1 index) in females, males supplemented with E2, and males treated with AOM/DSS/E2 compared with normal males. In normal physiological condition, sex difference and E2 treatment did not affect the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B). However, in AOM/DSS-treated male mice, E2 supplementation showed significantly lower level of the F/B ratio. The ratio of commensal bacteria to opportunistic pathogens was higher in females and E2-treated males compared to normal males and females subjected to OVX. Unexpectedly, this ratio was higher in the AOM/DSS group than that determined in other males and the AOM/DSS/E2 group. Our findings suggest that estrogen alters the gut microbiota in ICR (CrljOri:CD1) mice, particularly AOM/DSS-treated males, by decreasing the F/B ratio and changing Shannon and Simpson index by supply of estrogen. This highlights another possibility that estrogen could cause changes in the gut microbiota, thereby reducing the risk of developing CRC. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in both men and women in the United States, with an estimation of 101,420 and 51,020 new cases of cancer and cancer-related deaths, respectively, in 2019 1. Chronic inflammation following viral or bacterial infections is considered as an important risk factor involved in human carcinogenesis, including CRC 2 and its association has been reported, particularly in infections such as viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma 3 , as well as that of Helicobacter pylori and gastric adenocarcinoma 4. Moreover, it has been reported that opportunistic pathogens play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus gallolyticus (formerly known as S. bovis), Enterococcus faecalis, and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (a toxin-producing bacteria) have been considered as candidate microorganisms responsible for triggering the colorectal carcinogenesis 5. Additionally, results obtained from several animal experiments have suggested that these bacteria could be the causative microorganisms responsible for colorectal carcinogenesis 5. According to a recent report, infection with F. nucleatum had pr...

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“…A previous study reported that α-diversity was significantly lowered in proton pump inhibitor (PPI) users [51]. Sun Min Lee reported that long-term PPI administration significantly reduced the intestinal flora α-diversity in 2-year-old rats, while no significant α-diversity reduction was seen in 74-week-old rats [52]. In other words, changes in α-diversity due to PPI administration occurred only in older rats.…”

Section: Microbiota α-Diversitymentioning

confidence: 97%

The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

et al. 2021

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Constipation is a common condition that occurs in many people worldwide. While magnesium oxide (MgO) is often used as the first-line drug for chronic constipation in Japan, dietary fiber intake is also recommended. Dietary fiber is fermented by microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs are involved in regulating systemic physiological functions and circadian rhythm. We examined the effect of combining MgO and the water-soluble dietary fiber, inulin, on cecal SCFA concentration and microbiota in mice. We also examined the MgO administration timing effect on cecal SCFAs. The cecal SCFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography, and the microbiota was determined using next-generation sequencing. Inulin intake decreased cecal pH and increased cecal SCFA concentrations while combining MgO increased the cecal pH lowered by inulin and decreased the cecal SCFA concentrations elevated by inulin. When inulin and MgO were combined, significant changes in the microbiota composition were observed compared with inulin alone. The MgO effect on the cecal acetic acid concentration was less when administered at ZT12 than at ZT0. In conclusion, this study suggests that MgO affects cecal SCFA and microbiota during inulin feeding, and the effect on acetic acid concentration is time-dependent.

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Gut microbiota and butyrate level changes associated with the long-term administration of proton pump inhibitors to old rats

Cited by 32 publications

References 52 publications

Compositional and Functional Characteristics of Swine Slurry Microbes through 16S rRNA Metagenomic Sequencing Approach

Compositional and Functional Characteristics of Swine Slurry Microbes through 16S rRNA Metagenomic Sequencing Approach

17β-Estradiol supplementation changes gut microbiota diversity in intact and colorectal cancer-induced ICR male mice

The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

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