Gut microbiota alterations and dietary modulation in childhood malnutrition – The role of short chain fatty acids

Pekmez, Ceyda Tuğba; Dragsted, Lars Ove; Brahe, Lena K.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2018.02.014

Cited by 68 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…In addition to being a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases, overweight and obesity can be directly related to changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolites [3]. One of the possible mechanisms underlying the interplay between microbiota and host metabolism is through appetite-regulating hormones, including leptin, ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activity of GIT bacteria in overweight or obese people remains controversial in the literature [4]. Recent scientific evidence has shown the imbalance of intestinal microbiota in children and adolescents to be related to the increase in obesity cases in adults [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent scientific evidence has shown the imbalance of intestinal microbiota in children and adolescents to be related to the increase in obesity cases in adults [7]. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between body composition and food frequency with the GIT bacterial phyla and their metabolites in the pediatric population [4,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, the instrument used in this research to assess food frequency did not analyze the amount of fiber and other macro-and micronutrients ingested by girls. The greater consumption of hypercaloric foods and lower consumption of dietary fiber may, over time, influence the composition of the GIT bacterial phyla [4,7,36].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of preventing or treating obesity by modifying the intestinal microbiota has been stimulating a number of scientific studies in recent years [4,8]. Up to the present moment, the specific intestinal microbiota profile of obese individuals has not been identified [3,4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abundance of Gut Microbiota, Concentration of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Inflammatory Markers Associated with Elevated Body Fat, Overweight, and Obesity in Female Adolescents

Miranda

Amorim

Bastos

et al. 2019

Mediators of Inflammation

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Background and Aims. Overweight is ever more prevalent in the pediatric population, and this cardiometabolic factor can be associated with inflammatory markers, gut microbiota composition, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations. The aim of this study is to evaluate to what extent the abundance of gut microbiota phyla, SCFA concentrations, and inflammatory markers are associated with elevated body fat percentage (BF%), overweight, and obesity in female adolescents. Methods. An experimental and comparative study was conducted with 96 girls 14 to 19 years old. They were divided into 3 groups: G1—eutrophic (EUT) and adequate BF%; G2—EUT and high BF%; and G3—overweight (OW) or obese (OB) and high BF%. Waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WtHR), and neck circumference (NC) were analyzed as indicators of central visceral adiposity. The BF% was evaluated by DEXA equipment. A food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate the main types of food consumed in a week. The abundance of the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria phyla was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the SFCA concentrations (acetic, butyric, and propionic) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The inflammatory markers leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assessed. Results. Female adolescents in groups G2 and G3 had greater central visceral adiposity and leptin concentration than those in group G1. No association was found between gut microbiota phyla abundance and SFCA concentrations in any of the groups. WC and frequency of consumption of oily and fatty foods were associated with Firmicutes abundance and SFCA concentrations. Girls with high WC also had the greatest leptin (p<0.001) and hs-CRP (p=0.035) concentrations. Conclusions. Inflammatory markers showed association with increased BMI and high BF% in female adolescents. The abundance of Firmicutes was associated with WC and NC, but not with BMI classification or BF%. Specifically, WC and the consumption of oils and fats showed correlation with SCFA concentrations. Different anthropometric indicators, such as NC and WC, should be incorporated into the clinical evaluation of the nutritional status of individuals in the adolescent population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abundance of Gut Microbiota, Concentration of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Inflammatory Markers Associated with Elevated Body Fat, Overweight, and Obesity in Female Adolescents

Miranda

Amorim

Bastos

et al. 2019

Mediators of Inflammation

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Effects of whole nutritional formula foods on nutritional improvement and intestinal flora in malnourished rats

Qu,

Bo,

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Food for special medical purposes (FSMP) has received increasing attention as an enteral nutritional supplement. To investigate the effects of whole nutritional formula (WNF) containing dietary fiber and regular formula on nutritional supplementation and improvement of intestinal microecology, a rat malnutrition model was established with the formulations of WNF, FOS, and SDF (10, 20 g/kg bw) administered by gavage for 30 days. The results showed that the three formulations effectively improved the nutritional status of the malnourished rats, significantly increasing the level of IgG, increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes, and affecting the content of propionic acid (PRO). The nutritional status of rats is closely related to growth performance, nutritional indexes, and immunoglobulin index, which cause changes in the composition of the intestinal flora. The above results showed that WNF positively affected the nutritional improvement, immune level, and intestinal health of rats. The comprehensive evaluation also suggested that the formulation containing ginseng water‐soluble dietary fiber (ginseng‐SDF) had the most significant effect.

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Breastmilk Lipids and Oligosaccharides Influence Branched Short‐Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations in Infants with Excessive Weight Gain

Pekmez

Larsson

Lind

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: The aim is to identify breastmilk components associated with fecal concentration of SCFAs and to investigate whether they differ between infants with high weight gain (HW) and normal weight gain (NW). Methods and results: Breastmilk and fecal samples are collected from mother-infant dyads with HW (n = 11) and NW (n = 15) at 5 and 9 months of age. Breastmilk is profiled on ultra-performance LC-quadrupole TOF-MS platform. Fecal SCFAs are quantified using an isotope-labeled chemical derivatization method. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are quantified using HPLC after fluorescent derivatization. Lower levels of -linolenic acid, oleic acid, 3-oxohexadecanoic acid, LPE (P-16:0), LPC (16:0), LPC (18:0), PC (36:2) in breastmilk from mothers from the HW-group at 5 months of age is found. Fecal SCFA concentrations are increased during the transition period from breastfeeding to complementary feeding. Fecal butyrate concentration is higher in the NW-group at 9 months of age. Fecal branched SCFAs are positively associated with breastmilk phospholipid levels, free-fatty acid levels, HMO-diversity, sialylated-HMOs, 6′-sialyllactose, and disialyl-lacto-N-hexaose. Conclusion: Fecal branched SCFA concentrations seem to be affected by breastmilk lipid and HMO composition. These differences in breastmilk metabolites may partially explain the excessive weight gain in early life.

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Gut microbiota alterations and dietary modulation in childhood malnutrition – The role of short chain fatty acids

Cited by 68 publications

References 170 publications

Abundance of Gut Microbiota, Concentration of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Inflammatory Markers Associated with Elevated Body Fat, Overweight, and Obesity in Female Adolescents

Abundance of Gut Microbiota, Concentration of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Inflammatory Markers Associated with Elevated Body Fat, Overweight, and Obesity in Female Adolescents

Effects of whole nutritional formula foods on nutritional improvement and intestinal flora in malnourished rats

Breastmilk Lipids and Oligosaccharides Influence Branched Short‐Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations in Infants with Excessive Weight Gain

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