Gut microbiome of endangered Tor putitora (Ham.) as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens associated with fish health

Khurana, Himani; Singh, D; Singh, Anoop; Singh, Yogendra; Lal, Rup; Negi, Ram Krishan

doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01911-7

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(191 reference statements)

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“…Multi-omics analyses have been used to reveal pathogenesis mechanisms from the perspective of pathogen-intestinal microbiota-host metabolism in humans and mice ( 11 , 16 , 17 ). Recently, more researches have focused on exploring the relationship among intestinal microbiota, metabolites, and fish diseases by a single-omics approach ( 14 , 18 , 19 ). However, research on multi-omics applications in fish diseases ( 20 ) are scant, limiting the characterization of the effects and understanding of mechanisms of intestinal pathogens from a broader molecular level perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edwardsiella piscicida infection reshapes the intestinal microbiome and metabolome of big-belly seahorses: mechanistic insights of synergistic actions of virulence factors

et al. 2023

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Uncovering the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of Edwardsiella piscicida-induced enteritis is essential for global aquaculture. In the present study, we identified E. piscicida as a lethal pathogen of the big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) and revealed its pathogenic pattern and characteristics by updating our established bacterial enteritis model and evaluation system. Conjoint analysis of metagenomic and metabolomic data showed that 15 core virulence factors could mutually coordinate the remodeling of intestinal microorganisms and host metabolism and induce enteritis in the big-belly seahorse. Specifically, the Flagella, Type IV pili, and Lap could significantly increase the activities of the representative functional pathways of both flagella assembly and bacterial chemotaxis in the intestinal microbiota (P < 0.01) to promote pathogen motility, adherence, and invasion. Legiobactin, IraAB, and Hpt could increase ABC transporter activity (P < 0.01) to compete for host nutrition and promote self-replication. Capsule1, HP-NAP, and FarAB could help the pathogen to avoid phagocytosis. Upon entering epithelial cells and phagocytes, Bsa T3SS and Dot/Icm could significantly increase bacterial secretion system activity (P < 0.01) to promote the intracellular survival and replication of the pathogen and the subsequent invasion of the neighboring tissues. Finally, LPS3 could significantly increase lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis (P < 0.01) to release toxins and kill the host. Throughout the pathogenic process, BopD, PhoP, and BfmRS significantly activated the two-component system (P < 0.01) to coordinate with other VFs to promote deep invasion. In addition, the levels of seven key metabolic biomarkers, Taurine, L-Proline, Uridine, L-Glutamate, Glutathione, Xanthosine, and L-Malic acid, significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and they can be used for characterizing E. piscicida infection. Overall, the present study systematically revealed how a combination of virulence factors mediate E. piscicida-induced enteritis in fish for the first time, providing a theoretical reference for preventing and controlling this disease in the aquaculture of seahorses and other fishes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edwardsiella piscicida infection reshapes the intestinal microbiome and metabolome of big-belly seahorses: mechanistic insights of synergistic actions of virulence factors

et al. 2023

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“…The health of an individual always refers to the individual not being disturbed or hurt. The health of aquatic animals could be indicated by normal gut microbiota ( Sun et al, 2020 ; Tong et al, 2020 ) and a low abundance of health-negative-impacting microbes ( Qiao et al, 2019 ; Himani et al, 2020 ). The microHI (microbiota health index) is an abbreviation of the microbiota health index, which is defined as the average abundance ratio of microbes without three health-negative-impacting microbial phenotypes ( Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These three health-negative-impacting microbial phenotypes, respectively, are potential pathogenicity, mobile element content, and oxidative stress tolerance ( Yang et al, 2023 ). The abundance ratio of microbes with potential pathogenicity indicates the potential risk of disease in the host ( Himani et al, 2020 ). The abundance ratio of microbes that contain mobile elements (such as antibiotic resistance genes) reflects the potential risk of antibiotic pollution ( Sáenz et al, 2019 ) or potential threats to host health ( Himani et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The abundance ratio of microbes with potential pathogenicity indicates the potential risk of disease in the host ( Himani et al, 2020 ). The abundance ratio of microbes that contain mobile elements (such as antibiotic resistance genes) reflects the potential risk of antibiotic pollution ( Sáenz et al, 2019 ) or potential threats to host health ( Himani et al, 2020 ). The abundance ratio of microbes with oxidative stress tolerance indicates the potential risk of host gut tissue damage ( Qiao et al, 2019 ; Solomando et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness assessment of using water environmental microHI to predict the health status of wild fish

Yang,

Zhong,

Leng

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Aquatic wildlife health assessment is critically important for aquatic wildlife conservation. However, the health assessment of aquatic wildlife (especially aquatic wild animals) is difficult and often accompanied by invasive survey activities and delayed observability. As there is growing evidence that aquatic environmental microbiota could impact the health status of aquatic animals by influencing their symbiotic microbiota, we propose a non-invasive method to monitor the health status of wild aquatic animals using the environmental microbiota health index (microHI). However, it is unknown whether this method is effective for different ecotype groups of aquatic wild animals. To answer this question, we took a case study in the middle Yangtze River and studied the water environmental microbiota and fish gut microbiota at the fish community level, population level, and ecotype level. The results showed that the gut microHI of the healthy group was higher than that of the unhealthy group at the community and population levels, and the overall gut microHI was positively correlated with the water environmental microHI, whereas the baseline gut microHI was species-specific. Integrating these variations in four ecotype groups (filter-feeding, scraper-feeding, omnivorous, and carnivorous), only the gut microHI of the carnivorous group positively correlated with water environmental microHI. Alcaligenaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Achromobacter were the most abundant groups with health-negative-impacting phenotypes, had high positive correlations between gut sample group and environment sample group, and had significantly higher abundance in unhealthy groups than in healthy groups of carnivorous, filter-feeding, and scraper-feeding ecotypes. Therefore, using water environmental microHI to indicate the health status of wild fish is effective at the community level, is effective just for carnivorous fish at the ecotype level. In the middle Yangtze River, Alcaligenaceae, Enterobacteriaceae (family level), and Achromobacter (genus level) were the key water environmental microbial groups that potentially impacted wild fish health status. Of course, more data and research that test the current hypothesis and conclusion are encouraged.

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“…The gut is a complex environment inhabited by numerous microorganisms that form a greatly diverse and active ecological community (Khurana et al, 2020). These intestinal microbes are of great importance to several functions of the host, such as defense against invasion by foreign organisms, maintaining the normal physiology and homeostasis, and development of the immune system (Sommer et al, 2017;Zheng et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of antibiotic resistance genes and gut microbiota after the ingestion of goat milk

Liu

Zhang

2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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Antibiotic resistance genes, as newly emerging contaminants, have become a serious challenge to public health through the food chain. The gut of humans and animals is an important reservoir for the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes because of the great abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of goat milk on the diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes and gut microbial communities, especially pathogenic bacteria. Male mice were used, 12 for each of the 2 groups: a control group that received sterile distilled water and a treated group that received goat milk, and gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes were compared in these groups using metagenomic analysis. The results revealed that ingestion of goat milk decreased the diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in the mice gut. The relative abundance of fluoroquinolone, peptide, macrolide, and β-lactam resistance genes in the total microbial genes significantly decreased after the intervention. Goat milk intake also significantly reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, such as Clostridium bolteae, Clostridium symbiosum, Helicobacter cinaedi, and Helicobacter bilis. Therefore, goat milk intake might decrease the transfer potential of antibiotic resistance gene to pathogenic bacteria in the gut. In addition, bacteria with multiple resistance mechanisms accounted for approximately 4.5% of total microbial communities in the control group, whereas it was not detectable in the goat milk group, indicating the total inhibition by goat milk intake. This study highlights the influence of goat milk on antibiotic resistome and microbial communities in the gut, and provides a new insight into the function of goat milk for further study.

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Gut microbiome of endangered Tor putitora (Ham.) as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens associated with fish health

Cited by 14 publications

References 114 publications

Edwardsiella piscicida infection reshapes the intestinal microbiome and metabolome of big-belly seahorses: mechanistic insights of synergistic actions of virulence factors

Edwardsiella piscicida infection reshapes the intestinal microbiome and metabolome of big-belly seahorses: mechanistic insights of synergistic actions of virulence factors

Effectiveness assessment of using water environmental microHI to predict the health status of wild fish

Changes of antibiotic resistance genes and gut microbiota after the ingestion of goat milk

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