Gut Microbiome in a Russian Cohort of Pre- and Post-Cholecystectomy Female Patients

Abstract

The last decade saw extensive studies of the human gut microbiome and its relationship to specific diseases, including gallstone disease (GSD). The information about the gut microbiome in GSD-afflicted Russian patients is scarce, despite the increasing GSD incidence worldwide. Although the gut microbiota was described in some GSD cohorts, little is known regarding the gut microbiome before and after cholecystectomy (CCE). By using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, we inventoried the fecal bacteriobiome composition and structure in GSD-afflicted females, seeking to reveal associations with age, BMI and some blood biochemistry. Overall, 11 bacterial phyla were identified, containing 916 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The fecal bacteriobiome was dominated by Firmicutes (66% relative abundance), followed by Bacteroidetes (19%), Actinobacteria (8%) and Proteobacteria (4%) phyla. Most (97%) of the OTUs were minor or rare species with ≤1% relative abundance. Prevotella and Enterocossus were linked to blood bilirubin. Some taxa had differential pre- and post-CCE abundance, despite the very short time (1–3 days) elapsed after CCE. The detailed description of the bacteriobiome in pre-CCE female patients suggests bacterial foci for further research to elucidate the gut microbiota and GSD relationship and has potentially important biological and medical implications regarding gut bacteria involvement in the increased GSD incidence rate in females.

Alteration of Ascending Colon Mucosal Microbiota in Patients after Cholecystectomy

“…Our study found that the number of OTUs was lower in the test group compared to the control group, but not signi cant. Meanwhile, alpha diversity was not signi cantly different between the two groups, and Beta diversity based on multiple indexes indicated that the two groups were similar in overall ora composition, which is consistent with data from Korea and Russia [15,24]. However, other studies found different results.…”

Alteration of the fecal microbiome in patients with cholecystectomy: potential relationship with postcholecystectomy diarrhea – before and after study

“…Studies comparing the preoperative and postoperative states are lacking. A study comparing the preoperative and immediate postoperative (1–3 days after the operation) states in a Russian female cohort reported that there were no changes in alpha diversity, but the microbiome compositions differed 35 . In contrast, our data showed no changes in alpha and beta diversity.…”

Apolypoprotein E gene polymorphism, gallstone disease, diabetes 2 type and lipid metabolism disorders

“…Несоответствие результатов исследований связи полиморфизма АРОЕ и заболеваний может быть следствием различия включенной популяции, размера выборки и методов генотипирования АРОЕ : ПЦР с последующим анализом полиморфизма длин рестрикционных фрагментов, ПЦР с использованием аллель-специфических олигонуклеотидов, амплификация рефракторной мутационной системы, мультиплексная амплификация рефракторной мутационной системы, иммуноблоттинг и ПЦР, изоэлектрическая фокусировка на полиакриламидном геле, TaqMan ПЦР. Поскольку многие исследования [50,52,54] проведены по дизайну «случай -контроль», их результаты не могут установить причинноследственную связь между полиморфизмом гена АРОЕ и СД2, например, с учетом состояния кишечной микрофлоры [65], а позволяют лишь показать наличие такой зависимости.…”