Gut microbiome dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

Lal, Shruti; Kandiyal, Bharti; Ahuja, Vineet; Takeda, Kiyoshi; Das, Bhabatosh

doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.09.003

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…There was a significant increase in the relative abundance of Ruminococcus_gnavus and Bacteroides_acidifaciens, which have been found to be associated with reduced immunity and tumour growth [ 19 ]. Some opportunistic pathogenic or rare bacteria such as Mucispirillum_schaedleri, Alistipes_massiliensis, Streptococcus_alactolyticus, Desulfovibrio_alaskensis, Staphylococcus_sciuri, and Clostridium_methylpentosum, which are consistently increased after burns, are responsible for driving the development of IBD [ 20 – 22 ]. The increase in Bacteroides_uniformis, Staphylococcus_sciuri, and Ruminococcus_flavefaciens is thought to potentially lead to psychosis, depression, and cognitive decline, suggesting that burns may perhaps be detrimental to cognitive abilities [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico analysis of intestinal microbial instability and symptomatic markers in mice during the acute phase of severe burns

Hou,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

BMC Microbiol

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Background Severe burns may alter the stability of the intestinal flora and affect the patient’s recovery process. Understanding the characteristics of the gut microbiota in the acute phase of burns and their association with phenotype can help to accurately assess the progression of the disease and identify potential microbiota markers. Methods We established mouse models of partial thickness deep III degree burns and collected faecal samples for 16 S rRNA amplification and high throughput sequencing at two time points in the acute phase for independent bioinformatic analysis. Results We analysed the sequencing results using alpha diversity, beta diversity and machine learning methods. At both time points, 4 and 6 h after burning, the Firmicutes phylum content decreased and the content of the Bacteroidetes phylum content increased, showing a significant decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio compared to the control group. Nine bacterial genera changed significantly during the acute phase and occupied the top six positions in the Random Forest significance ranking. Clustering results also clearly showed that there was a clear boundary between the communities of burned and control mice. Functional analyses showed that during the acute phase of burn, gut bacteria increased lipoic acid metabolism, seleno-compound metabolism, TCA cycling, and carbon fixation, while decreasing galactose metabolism and triglyceride metabolism. Based on the abundance characteristics of the six significantly different bacterial genera, both the XGboost and Random Forest models were able to discriminate between the burn and control groups with 100% accuracy, while both the Random Forest and Support Vector Machine models were able to classify samples from the 4-hour and 6-hour burn groups with 86.7% accuracy. Conclusions Our study shows an increase in gut microbiota diversity in the acute phase of deep burn injury, rather than a decrease as is commonly believed. Severe burns result in a severe imbalance of the gut flora, with a decrease in probiotics and an increase in microorganisms that trigger inflammation and cognitive deficits, and multiple pathways of metabolism and substance synthesis are affected. Simple machine learning model testing suggests several bacterial genera as potential biomarkers of severe burn phenotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico analysis of intestinal microbial instability and symptomatic markers in mice during the acute phase of severe burns

Hou,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

BMC Microbiol

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“…The major reported changes observed among intestinal bacterial communities in IBD include higher levels of Proteobacteria and an under-representation of Bacteroides, Eubacterium and Firmicutes. Firmicutes include SCFA-producing bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which have an anti-inflammatory effect [63,64] indicating that the bacterial landscape in IBD is directed towards "pro-inflammatory" phenotype. A similar picture has been observed in rodent models of IBD, wherein experimentally induced colitis caused a shift in the composition of gut bacterial communities in mice and rats towards a pro-inflammatory microbial signature [65][66][67][68].…”

Section: The Gutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin‐1 family cytokines at the crossroads of microbiome regulation in barrier health and disease

2023

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Recent advances in understanding how the microbiome can influence both the physiology and the pathogenesis of disease in humans have highlighted the importance of gaining a deeper insight into the complexities of the host‐microbial dialogue. In tandem with this progress, has been a greater understanding of the biological pathways which regulate both homeostasis and inflammation at barrier tissue sites, such as the skin and the gut. In this regard, the Interleukin‐1 family of cytokines, which can be segregated into IL‐1, IL‐18 and IL‐36 subfamilies, have emerged as important custodians of barrier health and immunity. With established roles as orchestrators of various inflammatory diseases in both the skin and intestine, it is now becoming clear that IL‐1 family cytokine activity is not only directly influenced by external microbes, but can also play important roles in shaping the composition of the microbiome at barrier sites. This review explores the current knowledge surrounding the evidence that places these cytokines as key mediators at the interface between the microbiome and human health and disease at the skin and intestinal barrier tissues.

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“…Pathobionts, or bacteria that display pathogenic properties opportunistically, can express virulence factors [75]. One example is the release of endotoxins, which act as ligands that bind cell surface receptors on innate immune cells, initiating cell activation [76]. Activated immune cells then upregulate their expression of pattern recognition receptors, which recognise microbe, pathogen, and danger-associated molecular patterns released by microbes and inflammatory cells [66].…”

Section: Characterising a Pathogenic Microbiome 61 Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of a Pathogenic Microbiome

Wong,

Yip,

Lemberg

et al. 2023

JCM

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The process of microbiome development arguably begins before birth. Vertical transmission of bacteria from the mother to the infant is a keystone event in microbiome development. Subsequent to birth, the developing microbiome is vulnerable to influence from a wide range of factors. Additionally, the microbiome can influence the health and development of the host infant. This intricate interaction of the gastrointestinal microbiome and the host has been described as both symbiotic and dysbiotic. Defining these terms, a symbiotic microbiome is where the microbiome and host provide mutual benefit to each other. A pathogenic microbiome, or more precisely a gastrointestinal microbiome associated with disease, is increasing described as dysbiotic. This review seeks to investigate the factors that contribute to evolving a disease-causing or ‘dysbiotic’ microbiome. This review covers the development of the gastrointestinal microbiome in infants, the interaction of the microbiome with the host, and its contribution to host immunity and investigates specific features of the gastrointestinal microbiome that are associated with disease.

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Gut microbiome dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 93 publications

In silico analysis of intestinal microbial instability and symptomatic markers in mice during the acute phase of severe burns

In silico analysis of intestinal microbial instability and symptomatic markers in mice during the acute phase of severe burns

Interleukin‐1 family cytokines at the crossroads of microbiome regulation in barrier health and disease

Evolution of a Pathogenic Microbiome

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