2015
DOI: 10.15226/jnhfs.2015.00141
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Gut Microbiome-Brain Communications Regulate Host Physiology and Behavior

Abstract: cell injury [6], metabolic regulation [7], GI tract development [8], innate and adaptive immune responses, and absorption of nutrients [9,10]. Alterations in microbiota composition and dysregulation of the intestinal mucosa homeostasis have been implicated in the development and progression of pathologies. This compositional change in the microbiota and/ or an abnormality in the interactions between the host and the commensal microbiota is referred to as dysbiosis. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been linked to c… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(3 citation statements)
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(182 reference statements)
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“…Accumulating evidence suggests the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of obesity [3,4]. Under normal physiological conditions, the gut microbiota has symbiotic interactions with the host, conferring beneficial effects on host physiology and behavior [5]. However, compositional and functional alterations of the gut microbiota, i.e., dysbiosis, induced by lifestyle factors have been implicated in the development and progression of metabolic disturbances including obesity as well as other pleotropic physiologic effects [6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Accumulating evidence suggests the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of obesity [3,4]. Under normal physiological conditions, the gut microbiota has symbiotic interactions with the host, conferring beneficial effects on host physiology and behavior [5]. However, compositional and functional alterations of the gut microbiota, i.e., dysbiosis, induced by lifestyle factors have been implicated in the development and progression of metabolic disturbances including obesity as well as other pleotropic physiologic effects [6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens and/or promote the proliferation of beneficial populations such as Bifidobacteria [12]. Probiotics inhibits the growth of enteric pathogens via the production of inhibitory antimicrobials, competitively adhering to the mucosa and epithelium, strengthening the epithelial barrier integrity via mucin and defensins, and modulating the immune system of the host [13]. Furthermore, probiotic-driven changes in gut microbiota can lead to changes in the production of intestinal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) [14], promoting the production of GI peptides, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) [15].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…More and more evidence shows that changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota have a substantial influence on the pathology of CNS disorders, and consequently there has been a growing attention to microbiota-based therapeutics, including probiotics, prebiotics and faecal microbiota transplants [65]. For example, recent studies demonstrate treatment with Bacteroides fragilis corrects levels of tight junction proteins and cytokines in mice neurological symptoms related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [66][67][68].…”
Section: Gut Bacteria and Diseasesmentioning
confidence: 99%