Gut microbiome–based therapeutics in inflammatory bowel disease

Hu, Keao; Gubatan, John

doi:10.1002/ctd2.182

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…There have been several scientific attempts to correct the microbial dysbiosis in IBD by targeting whole or individual pathogenic bacterial species involved with disease progression [27]. These strategies include supplementing with probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) [28] to achieve CD remission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Beneficially Modulates Gut Microbiome in a Preclinical Model of Crohn’s-like Colitis

Geesala,

Recharla,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an established dietary treatment for Crohn’s disease (CD) by alleviating inflammation and inducing remission. However, the mechanisms of action of EEN are incompletely understood. As CD is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis, we investigated the effect of EEN on the microbiome in a rat model of CD-like colitis. The rat model of CD-like colitis was established by an intracolonic instillation of TNBS at 65 mg/kg in 250 µL of 40% ethanol. Sham control rats were instilled with saline. Rats were fed ad libitum with either regular pellet food or EEN treatment with a clear liquid diet (Ensure). Rats were euthanized at 7 days. Fecal pellets were collected from the distal colon for 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of gut microbiota. In addition, colon tissues were taken for histological and molecular analyses in all the groups of rats. EEN administration to TNBS-induced CD rats significantly improved the body weight change, inflammation scores, and disease activity index. The mRNA expression of IL-17A and interferon-γ was significantly increased in the colonic tissue in TNBS rats when fed with regular food. However, EEN treatment significantly attenuated the increase in IL-17A and interferon-γ in TNBS rats. Our 16S rRNA sequencing analysis found that gut microbiota diversity and compositions were significantly altered in TNBS rats, compared to controls. However, EEN treatment improved alpha diversity and increased certain beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Dubosiella and decreased bacteria such as Bacteroides and Enterorhabdus in CD-like rats, compared to CD-like rats with the regular pellet diet. In conclusion, EEN treatment increases the diversity of gut microbiota and the composition of certain beneficial bacteria. These effects may contribute to the reduced inflammation by EEN in the rat model of CD-like colitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Beneficially Modulates Gut Microbiome in a Preclinical Model of Crohn’s-like Colitis

Geesala,

Recharla,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…This approach reveals that 90% of the bacterial population is attributed to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. (Mariat et al, 2009;Hu and Gubatan, 2023).…”

Section: The Role Of Gut Microbiota In Ucmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing the potential of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: advancements in treatment of ulcerative colitis

Jadhav,

Jagtap,

Vyavahare

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis (UC) are multifactorial pathologies caused by environmental factors and genetic background. UC is a chronic inflammatory disorder that specifically targets the colon, resulting in inflammation. Various chemical interventions, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biological therapies, have been extensively employed for the purpose of managing symptoms associated with UC. Nevertheless, it is important to note that these therapeutic interventions may give rise to undesirable consequences, including, but not limited to, the potential for weight gain, fluid retention, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Emerging therapeutic approaches for UC are costly due to their chronic nature. Alternatives like synbiotic therapy, combining prebiotics and probiotics, have gained attention for mitigating dysbiosis in UC patients. Prebiotics promote beneficial bacteria proliferation, while probiotics establish a balanced gut microbiota and regulate immune system functionality. The utilisation of synbiotics has been shown to improve the inflammatory response and promote the resolution of symptoms in individuals with UC through the stimulation of beneficial bacteria growth and the enhancement of intestinal barrier integrity. Hence, this review article aims to explore the potential benefits and underlying reasons for incorporating alternative approaches in the management of UC with studies performed using prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics to treat ulcerative colitis and to highlight safety and considerations in UC and future perspectives. This will facilitate the utilisation of novel treatment strategies for the safer and more efficacious management of patients with UC.

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“…2 So wurde in zahlreichen Studien bei CED-Patienten eine Mikrobiom-Dysbiose im Vergleich zu Gesunden nachgewiesen. 17 Vor diesem Hintergrund gilt die Abschwächung oder Umkehrung dieses mikrobiellen Ungleichgewichts als mögliche therapeutische Strategie bei CEDs, mit der sich die Entzündung der Darmschleimhaut abschwächen lässt. 17 In Tabelle 2 sind die aktuellen Mikrobiom-basierten Behandlungsansätze und ihre Wirkung auf das Mikrobiom zusammengefasst.…”

Section: Mikrobiom-basierte Strategien Zur Kontrolle Von Cedsunclassified

“…17 Vor diesem Hintergrund gilt die Abschwächung oder Umkehrung dieses mikrobiellen Ungleichgewichts als mögliche therapeutische Strategie bei CEDs, mit der sich die Entzündung der Darmschleimhaut abschwächen lässt. 17 In Tabelle 2 sind die aktuellen Mikrobiom-basierten Behandlungsansätze und ihre Wirkung auf das Mikrobiom zusammengefasst. 17 In der Schweiz ist das Probiotikum E. coli Stamm Nissle 1917 bei Colitis ulcerosa in der Remissionsphase zugelassen.…”

Section: Mikrobiom-basierte Strategien Zur Kontrolle Von Cedsunclassified

“…17 In Tabelle 2 sind die aktuellen Mikrobiom-basierten Behandlungsansätze und ihre Wirkung auf das Mikrobiom zusammengefasst. 17 In der Schweiz ist das Probiotikum E. coli Stamm Nissle 1917 bei Colitis ulcerosa in der Remissionsphase zugelassen. 18 Die ESPEN-Leitlinie empfiehlt eine probiotische Therapie bei milder bis moderater Colitis ulcerosa als Alternative zur Standardtherapie mit 5-ASA, wenn diese nicht vertragen wird.…”

Section: Mikrobiom-basierte Strategien Zur Kontrolle Von Cedsunclassified

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Current therapeutic strategies for chronic inflammatory bowel disease

2023

hbT

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Die Therapielandschaft für chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen (CEDs) hat sich mittlerweile stark erweitert. So wurden in den letzten Jahren mehrere neue Biologika und niedermolekulare Substanzen zur Behandlung von CEDs zugelassen. Weitere Wirkstoffe befinden sich in der Entwicklung. Zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung der CEDs spielt auch die Ernährung eine wichtige Rolle. Mikrobiom-basierte Strategien sind ebenfalls ein Therapieansatz, der zunehmend in den Fokus rückt. Perianale Fisteln beim Morbus Crohn können medikamentös und/oder chirurgisch behandelt werden. Auch Stammzellen kommen hier mittlerweile erfolgreich zum Einsatz. Im Folgenden werden die aktuellen Therapiestrategien für Colitis ulcerosa und Morbus Crohn zusammengefasst. The therapy landscape for chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) has significantly expanded in recent years. Several new biologics and low-molecularweight substances have been approved for the treatment of chronic IBDs. Other agents are currently in development. Nutrition also plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of chronic IBDs. Microbiome-based strategies are emerging as a therapeutic approach gaining increasing attention. Perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease can be treated with medication and/or surgery. Stem cells are now successfully employed in this context. The following summarizes the current therapeutic strategies for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

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Gut microbiome–based therapeutics in inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 6 publications

References 74 publications

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Beneficially Modulates Gut Microbiome in a Preclinical Model of Crohn’s-like Colitis

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Beneficially Modulates Gut Microbiome in a Preclinical Model of Crohn’s-like Colitis

Reviewing the potential of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: advancements in treatment of ulcerative colitis

Current therapeutic strategies for chronic inflammatory bowel disease

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