Gut microbiome as a biomarker of cardiometabolic disorders

Abstract

Introduction and objective. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Europe and worldwide. One of the most important risk factors for atherosclerosis are lipid metabolism disorders, in particular hipercholesterolaemia. The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between gut microbiota composition and atherosclerosis risk factors, so in order that it might be used as a biomarker for coronary artery disease diagnosis. Material and method. The study involved middle-aged men in eastern Poland with central obesity (n=20), subjects with atherosclerosis (n=15) and those with no cardiovascular diseases (n=5). The gut microbiota composition was determined using tag-encoded 16S rRNA gene using Illuminal MiSeq. Data were analyzed with the use of t-test. Results. Firmicutes (49.26%) and Bacteroidetes (44.46%) were the dominant Phyla in the middle-aged men in eastern Poland. Subjects with improper levels of total cholesterol were enriched in Prevotella (p=0.03) and decreased level of Clostridium (p=0.02). They also showed a falling tendency in Faecalibacterium (p=0.07). An upward trend was observed in Prevotella (p=0.07) in subjects with improper LDL-C values. Conclusions. The study showed that intestinal microbiome is likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis through its role in lipid metabolism. Bacterial genera of particular importance were Prevotella, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Faecalibacterium. However, further studies involving larger groups of subjects are required to confirm these observations.

Characteristics of gut microbiome of obese middle-aged men in the Lublin region – preliminary report

“…The dominant component of the microbiome in the study group were bacteria belonging to Bacteroides (26.57%) and Prevotella (13.26%) [14] (Fig. 5).…”

“…12 Phyla were identified in the study group. The microbiome was dominated by Firmicutes (47.57%) and Bacteroidetes (46.05%) [14] (Fig. 1).…”

“…Among the representatives of Proteobacteria, the most abundant were Enterobacteriaceae (Fig. 4) [14].…”

“…Each participant then received a questionnaire concerning current medical history, lifestyle and family burdens. Methods used in the study were presented by Gózd-Barszczewska et al [14]. 20 middle-aged men (45-65) who lived in the Lublin region were selected for the study.…”

Gut microbes in cardiovascular diseases and their potential therapeutic applications

“…However, microbial composition differs between individuals and is dynamically sensitive to host factors as well as environment parameters. Interestingly, both increased abundance of host opportunistic pathogens (e.g., Escherichia coli, Clostridium ramosum, Bacteroides caccae, and Eggerthella lenta) and reduced abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria (e.g., Roseburia, Faecalibacterium and Eubacterium rectale) have been associated with increased risks for developing CVDs (Gozd-Barszczewska et al, 2017;Yan et al, 2017). Therefore, both the types of the microorganisms and their relative abundance are factors that may alter the sensitivity of developing CVDs (Franzosa et al, 2015).…”