Gut Microbiome and Plasma Microbiome-Related Metabolites in Patients With Decompensated and Compensated Heart Failure

Hayashi, Tomohiro; Yamashita, Tomoya; Watanabe, Hikaru; Kami, Kenjiro; Yoshida, Naofumi; Tabata, Toshihide; Emoto, Takuo; Sasaki, Naoto; Mizoguchi, Takahiro; Irino, Yasuhiro; Toh, Ryuji; Shinohara, Masakazu; Okada, Yuko; Ogawa, Wataru; Yamada, Takuji; Hirata, Ken‐ichi

doi:10.1253/circj.cj-18-0468

Cited by 86 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The relationship of CAD and HF to gut microbiota and its metabolites has been reported in cardiovascular diseases [3][4][5][6][7]9]. AF has also been associated with gut microbial metabolites [8,12,13], although the alteration of gut microbial composition in AF is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut microbiota-derived metabolites of dietary choline or carnitine, trimethylamine (TMA), and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) are related to cardiovascular disease, including atrial fibrillation (AF) [6][7][8]. In an earlier study, we investigated gut microbial composition and host plasma metabolites in heart failure and demonstrated the alteration of gut microbial composition and gain of plasma TMAO [9]. AF is the most common arrhythmia that increases the risk of heart failure, cerebral infarct, and arterial embolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut microbial composition in patients with atrial fibrillation: effects of diet and drugs

et al. 2020

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) reduces the quality of life by triggering stroke and heart failure. The association between AF onset and gut metabolites suggests a causal relationship between AF and gut microbiota dysbiosis; however, the relationship remains poorly understood. We prospectively enrolled 34 hospitalized patients with AF and 66 age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched control subjects without a history of AF. Gut microbial compositions were evaluated by amplicon sequencing targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. We assessed differences in dietary habits by using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Gut microbial richness was lower in AF patients, although the diversity of gut microbiota did not differ between the two groups. At the genus level, Enterobacter was depleted, while Parabacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, Streptococcus, and Alistipes were enriched in AF patients compared to control subjects. The BDHQ revealed that the intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosadienoic acid was higher in AF patients. Our results suggested that AF patients had altered gut microbial composition in connection with dietary habits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial composition in patients with atrial fibrillation: effects of diet and drugs

et al. 2020

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“…In our retrospective analysis, we accessed 93 clinical data sets from two independent studies (UMIN000015703 and UMIN000022414) ( Fig. 1) 1,30 . As one patient was excluded because of the lack of detectable faecal LPS levels, we finally analysed the data of 92 patients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible beneficial effect of Bacteroides on faecal lipopolysaccharide activity and cardiovascular diseases

Yoshida

Yamashita

Kishino

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Faecal lipopolysaccharides (LPS) have attracted attention as potent elements to explain a correlation between the gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression. However, the underlying mechanism of how specific gut bacteria contribute to faecal LPS levels remains unclear. We retrospectively analysed the data of 92 patients and found that the abundance of the genus Bacteroides was significantly and negatively correlated with faecal LPS levels. The controls showed a higher abundance of Bacteroides than that in the patients with CVD. The endotoxin units of the Bacteroides LPS, as determined by the limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) tests, were drastically lower than those of the Escherichia coli LPS; similarly, the Bacteroides LPS induced relatively low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and did not induce sepsis in mice. Fermenting patient faecal samples in a single-batch fermentation system with Bacteroides probiotics led to a significant increase in the Bacteroides abundance, suggesting that the human gut microbiota could be manipulated toward decreasing the faecal LPS levels. In the clinical perspective, Bacteroides decrease faecal LPS levels because of their reduced LAL activity; therefore, increasing Bacteroides abundance might serve as a novel therapeutic approach to prevent CVD via reducing faecal LPS levels and suppressing immune responses. Increasing evidence suggests that a strong correlation exists between the gut microbiota and development of many diseases, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), obesity and related metabolic diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis 1-6. Next-generation sequencing techniques and multi-omics approaches have revealed the function of the gut microbiota and improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease progression 7-10. For instance, the short-chain fatty acid metabolites produced by the gut microbiota are known to play a central immune-metabolic role 11 , where trimethylamine and trimethylamine N-oxide are associated with cardiovascular disease 12. In addition, the gut microbial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has recently attracted attention, because chronic immune cell activation is, in part, caused by the LPS-mediated stimulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the gu 13,14. Until now, researchers have focused on plasma LPS, and have reported that plasma LPS plays an important role in the process of activating pro-inflammatory cytokines during heart failure, and may be used to predict the development of atherosclerosis and other major advanced cardiac events 15-17. In this context,

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“…HF patients had higher TMAO serum levels than control subjects (Table ). Additionally, decompensated HF patients tended to exhibit a higher CutC/D gene expression level compared with that of compensated HF patients (Hayashi, et al , ). In HF patients, higher TMAO levels were associated with 1.18‐ to 1.79‐fold higher mortality and cardiac transplantation rates respectively (Kanitsoraphan, et al , ).…”

Section: Interactions Between the Gut Microbiota And Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota and its interactions with cardiovascular disease

Wang

Feng

et al. 2020

Microbial Biotechnology

104

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Summary The intestine is colonized by a considerable community of microorganisms that cohabits within the host and plays a critical role in maintaining host homeostasis. Recently, accumulating evidence has revealed that the gut microbial ecology plays a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, the effects of imbalances in microbe–host interactions on homeostasis can lead to the progression of CVD. Alterations in the composition of gut flora and disruptions in gut microbial metabolism are implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD. Furthermore, the gut microbiota functions like an endocrine organ that produces bioactive metabolites, including trimethylamine/trimethylamine N‐oxide, short‐chain fatty acids and bile acids, which are also involved in host health and disease via numerous pathways. Thus, the gut microbiota and its metabolic pathways have attracted growing attention as a therapeutic target for CVD treatment. The fundamental purpose of this review was to summarize recent studies that have illustrated the complex interactions between the gut microbiota, their metabolites and the development of common CVD, as well as the effects of gut dysbiosis on CVD risk factors. Moreover, we systematically discuss the normal physiology of gut microbiota and potential therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota to prevent and treat CVD.

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Gut Microbiome and Plasma Microbiome-Related Metabolites in Patients With Decompensated and Compensated Heart Failure

Cited by 86 publications

References 45 publications

Gut microbial composition in patients with atrial fibrillation: effects of diet and drugs

Gut microbial composition in patients with atrial fibrillation: effects of diet and drugs

A possible beneficial effect of Bacteroides on faecal lipopolysaccharide activity and cardiovascular diseases

The gut microbiota and its interactions with cardiovascular disease

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