Gut microbiome and metabolome analyses reveal the protective effect of special high‐docosahexaenoic acid tuna oil on d‐galactose‐induced aging in mice

Abstract

Aging is closely related to altered gut function and its microbiome composition. To elucidate the mechanisms involved in the preventive effect of special high‐docosahexaenoic acid tuna oil (HDTO) on senescence, the effects of different doses of HDTO on the gut microbiome and metabolome of d‐galactose‐induced aging mice were studied. Deferribacteres and Tenericutes and uridine might be used as indicator bacteria and characteristic metabolites to identify aging, respectively. HDTO markedly improved the impaired memory and antioxidant abilities induced by d‐galactose. At the phylum level, the abundance of Firmicutes and Tenericutes was significantly increased upon d‐galactose induction, while that of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Deferribacteres was significantly decreased. At the genus level, the variation mainly presented as an increase in the abundance of the Firmicutes genera Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus, and Erysipelothrix, the decrease in the abundance of the Bacteroidetes genera Bacteroides and Alistipes, the Firmicutes genus Dielma, and the Deferribacteres genus Mucispirillum. HDTO supplementation reversed the alterations in the intestinal flora by promoting the proliferation of beneficial flora during the aging process; the metabolic pathways, such as glycine–serine–threonine metabolism, valine–leucine–isoleucine biosynthesis, and some metabolic pathways involved in uridine, were also partially restored. Furthermore, the correlation analysis illustrated an obvious correlation between gut microbiota, its metabolites, and aging‐related indices. Moreover, it is worth noting that the metabolic regulation by dietary intervention varied with different HDTO doses and did not present a simple additive effect; indeed, each dose showed a unique modulation mechanism.

Totum-070, a Polyphenol-Rich Plant Extract, Prevents Hypercholesterolemia in High-Fat Diet-Fed Hamsters by Inhibiting Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption

“…Desulfovibrionaceae, which were negatively correlated with the cholesterol level, decreased in the HFD group and were restored to normal levels upon Totum-070 supplementation (Table S3). The abundance of Duncaniella, which has anti-inflammatory properties [76], reduced in western diet-fed mice [74], and is negatively correlated with LDL-cholesterol [77], as observed in the present study. Similarly, the Muribaculaceae community was significantly reduced in the intestinal flora of HFD mice [78], whereas its increase might contribute to the serum cholesterol-lowering effect of plant proteins in dyslipidemic hamsters [75].…”

Astaxanthin, <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i> and <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i> Residue Alleviate Liver Injury in D-Galactose-induced Aging Mice through Gut-liver Axis

“…D-gal treatment also led to a notable enhanced abundance of Lactobacillus in the feces. As a normally recognized beneficial bacteria, the enrichment of Lactobacillus in feces of D-gal injected mice might lying in the specificity of the model, which was also reported in other literature 47) . In addition, the three supplements reversed the elevation of Lactobacillus.…”

Naringenin prevents non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis by modulating the host metabolome and intestinal microbiome in MCD diet‐fed mice

“…The balance between gut microbiome and host metabolome has become recognized as important in the maintenance of physiological function and has become a target in treating various diseases (Cao, Hu, et al, 2023 ; Guo et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). Currently, the integrated analysis of metabolomics and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) microbial gene sequencing is a common approach to studying the underlying mechanisms of drug action or disease pathology (Yang et al, 2019 ).…”