Gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome

Mazidi, Mohsen; Rezaie, Peyman; Kengne, André Pascal; Mobarhan, Majid Ghayour; Ferns, Gordon A.

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2016.01.024

Cited by 160 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Indeed, circadian clock disruption, either through genetic impairment of core clock components or their environmental disarrangement in rodent models, leads to gut microbiome dysbiosis . Dysbiosis contributes to the adverse metabolic consequences of clock disruption, as antibiotic treatment ameliorates obesity and glucose intolerance in mice with environmental circadian clock disruption, while microbiome transfer from jet‐lagged mice and humans into germ‐free mice fully recapitulates metabolic disease manifestations in a new host . These observations demonstrate that diseases induced by circadian clock disruption can be mediated by aberrations in microbiome composition and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

2019

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Host–microbiome interactions constitute key determinants of host physiology, while their dysregulation is implicated in a wide range of human diseases. The microbiome undergoes diurnal variation in composition and function, and this in turn drives oscillations in host gene expression and functions. In this review, we discuss the newest developments in understanding circadian host–microbiome interplays, and how they may be relevant in health and disease contexts. We summarize the molecular mechanisms by which the microbiome influences host function in a diurnal manner, and inversely describe how the host orchestrates circadian rhythmicity of the microbiome. Furthermore, we highlight the future perspectives and challenges in studying this new and exciting facet of host–microbiome interactions. Finally, we illustrate how the elucidation of the microbiome chronobiology may pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

2019

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“…have not been investigated in this cohort to date. Hispanics have a disproportionate disease burden for many common diseases related to vasculature (i.e., diabetes and cardiovascular disease) (82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90) that have also been shown to have microbiome-related disease variables in many other experimental contexts (91)(92)(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100)(101)(102)(103)(104). Dental health, bacterial infection, and peripheral vascular disease have many independent associations (105), and some of the etiology could be affected by systemic loosening of tight junctions as induced by organophosphates (78).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Oral Buccal Microbiomes Are Associated with Farmworker Status and Azinphos-Methyl Agricultural Pesticide Exposure

Stanaway

Wallace

Shojaie

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In a longitudinal agricultural community cohort sampling of 65 adult farmworkers and 52 adult nonfarmworkers, we investigated agricultural pesticide exposure-associated changes in the oral buccal microbiota. We found a seasonally persistent association between the detected blood concentration of the insecticide azinphos-methyl and the taxonomic composition of the buccal swab oral microbiome. Blood and buccal samples were collected concurrently from individual subjects in two seasons, spring/summer 2005 and winter 2006. Mass spectrometry quantified blood concentrations of the organophosphate insecticide azinphosmethyl. Buccal oral microbiome samples were 16S rRNA gene DNA sequenced, assigned to the bacterial taxonomy, and analyzed after "centered-log-ratio" transformation to handle the compositional nature of the proportional abundances of bacteria per sample. Nonparametric analysis of the transformed microbiome data for individuals with and without azinphos-methyl blood detection showed significant perturbations in seven common bacterial taxa (Ͼ0.5% of sample mean read depth), including significant reductions in members of the common oral bacterial genus Streptococcus. Diversity in centered-log-ratio composition between individuals' microbiomes was also investigated using principal-component analysis (PCA) to reveal two primary PCA clusters of microbiome types. The spring/summer "exposed" microbiome cluster with significantly less bacterial diversity was enriched for farmworkers and contained 27 of the 30 individuals who also had azinphos-methyl agricultural pesticide exposure detected in the blood. IMPORTANCEIn this study, we show in human subjects that organophosphate pesticide exposure is associated with large-scale significant alterations of the oral buccal microbiota composition, with extinctions of whole taxa suggested in some individuals. The persistence of this association from the spring/summer to the winter also suggests that long-lasting effects on the commensal microbiota have occurred. The important health-related outcomes of these agricultural community individuals' pesticide-associated microbiome perturbations are not understood at this time. Future investigations should index medical and dental records for common and chronic diseases that may be interactively caused by this association between pesticide exposure and microbiome alteration.KEYWORDS farmworkers, azinphos-methyl, oral, microbiome, bacteria, buccal mucosa, 16S rRNA, sequencing

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“…Gut microbiota play an important role in digestion, and due to this function have been implicated in obesity and metabolic syndrome . Studies in animal models and in humans have shown that obesity is associated with phylum‐level changes in the microbiota.…”

Section: Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and cancer: A mechanistic overview of metabolic changes in obesity that impact genetic instability

Kompella

Vásquez

2019

Molecular Carcinogenesis

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Obesity, defined as a state of positive energy balance with a body mass index exceeding 30 kg/m2 in adults and 95th percentile in children, is an increasing global concern. Approximately one‐third of the world's population is overweight or obese, and in the United States alone, obesity affects one in six children. Meta‐analysis studies suggest that obesity increases the likelihood of developing several types of cancer, and with poorer outcomes, especially in children. The contribution of obesity to cancer risk requires a better understanding of the association between obesity‐induced metabolic changes and its impact on genomic instability, which is a major driving force of tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss how molecular changes during adipose tissue dysregulation can result in oxidative stress and subsequent DNA damage. This represents one of the many critical steps connecting obesity and cancer since oxidative DNA lesions can result in cancer‐associated genetic instability. In addition, the by‐products of the oxidative degradation of lipids (e.g., malondialdehyde, 4‐hydroxynonenal, and acrolein), and gut microbiota‐mediated secondary bile acid metabolites (e.g., deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid), can function as genotoxic agents and tumor promoters. We also discuss how obesity can impact DNA repair efficiency, potentially contributing to cancer initiation and progression. Finally, we outline obesity‐related epigenetic changes and identify the gaps in knowledge to be addressed for the development of better therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity‐related cancers.

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Gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome

Cited by 160 publications

References 138 publications

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

Human Oral Buccal Microbiomes Are Associated with Farmworker Status and Azinphos-Methyl Agricultural Pesticide Exposure

Obesity and cancer: A mechanistic overview of metabolic changes in obesity that impact genetic instability

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