Gut Microbiome

Cresci, Gail; Bawden, Emmy

doi:10.1177/0884533615609899

Cited by 269 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…The residency of these microbes in the GI tract is closely linked with human physiology and plays a vital role in the function of the gut. The three most abundant phyla in human gut microbiome are Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria [86]. Both Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes make up about 90% of phyla in the human gut microbiota [87].…”

Section: Modulation Of Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Polar Lipids: Underappreciated Lipids with Emerging Health Benefits

et al. 2020

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Milk fat is encased in a polar lipid-containing tri-layer milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), composed of phospholipids (PLs) and sphingolipids (SLs). Milk PLs and SLs comprise about 1% of total milk lipids. The surfactant properties of PLs are important for dairy products; however, dairy products vary considerably in their polar lipid to total lipid content due to the existence of dairy foods with different fat content. Recent basic science and clinical research examining food sources and health effects of milk polar lipids suggest they may beneficially influence dysfunctional lipid metabolism, gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, gut health, and neurodevelopment. However, more research is warranted in clinical studies to confirm these effects in humans. Overall, there are a number of potential effects of consuming milk polar lipids, and they should be considered as food matrix factors that may directly confer health benefits and/or impact effects of other dietary lipids, with implications for full-fat vs. reduced-fat dairy.

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Section: Modulation Of Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Polar Lipids: Underappreciated Lipids with Emerging Health Benefits

et al. 2020

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“…We defined occult dissemination with meningitis caused by enteric organisms as meningitis caused by enteric organisms combined rhabditiform larvae detected from the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., in feces and gastric juice); enteric organisms were Bacteroides spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Clostridium perfringens, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus gallolyticus (bovis group), and Campylobacter spp. (21). We defined occult dissemination with culture-negative suppurative meningitis as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture-negative meningitis with CSF neutrophil-dominant pleocytosis of >500 cells/ mm 3 (16) combined with rhabditiform larvae detected from the gastrointestinal tract (e.g.…”

Section: Study Design and Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Disseminated Strongyloidiasis, Japan, 1975–2017

Mukaigawara¹,

Narita²,

Shiiki³

et al. 2020

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Clinical characteristics of disseminated strongyloidiasis, the severest form of strongyloidiasis, are not well described. We conducted a retrospective, consecutive chart review of patients with disseminated strongyloidiasis admitted to Okinawa Chubu Hospital in Okinawa, Japan, during January 1975-December 2017. The 70 patients were classified into 3 clinical phenotypes: dissemination (32 patients [45.7%]), occult dissemination with meningitis caused by enteric organisms (12 patients [17.1%]), and occult dissemination with culture-negative suppurative meningitis (26 patients [37.1%]). Associated mortality rates were 56.3%, 16.7%, and 11.5%, respectively, and sepsis occurred in 40.6%, 58.3%, and 11.5% of cases, respectively. Common symptoms included fever (52.9% of patients), headache (32.9%), and altered mental status (24.3%). Patients were treated with thiabendazole (before 2003) or ivermectin (after 2003). Our findings show that disseminated strongyloidiasis has clinical phenotypes in terms of severity and that identification of occult dissemination, a mild form with prominent neurologic manifestations, is lifesaving. In support of improving patient care, this activity has been planned and implemented by Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Medscape, LLC is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team. Medscape, LLC designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to 1.0 MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. Participants will earn MOC points equivalent to the amount of CME credits claimed for the activity. It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABIM MOC credit. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation. To participate in this journal CME activity: (1) review the learning objectives and author disclosures; (2) study the education content; (3) take the post-test with a 75% minimum passing score and complete the evaluation at http://www.medscape.org/journal/eid; and (4) view/print certificate. For CME questions, see page 637.

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“…While many factors influence gut microbiota composition, it’s response to diet is astounding. As fermentable soluble fiber is the preferred food source for the gut microbiota, not surprisingly the low-fiber containing Western diet negatively alters gut microbial patterns 20 . Animal and human ex vivo models investigating dietary emulsifiers, including carboxymethylcellulose, polysorbate-80 and maltodextrin, negatively impact gut microbial balance as well as induce metabolic syndrome and low-grade inflammation leading to colitis 21 .…”

Section: Nutritional Interventions For Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nutritional approach for managing irritable bowel syndrome

Bhesania

Cresci²

2017

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of review Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder encountered by the pediatrician and consultant. The primary focus of this review is to provide an update on beneficial nutritional interventions for managing this patient population with discussion on gut microbiome effects. Recent findings A common complaint amongst the pediatric population is IBS-related recurrent abdominal pain. The prevalence of IBS is estimated to range between 6%–14% and is defined by the Rome III criteria for functional gastrointestinal disorders. Recent studies highlight the role of nutritional interventions in mitigating symptoms of IBS. While eliminating foods which aggravate IBS gastrointestinal symptoms has become a main nutritional approach for acute management of IBS, recent literature reflects how this may impact the gut microbiome and potentially have long-term implications. Summary There are emerging studies suggesting IBS symptomatic improvement with different dietary interventions in the pediatric population, but most of what is known at this time has been extrapolated from the adult literature.

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Gut Microbiome

Cited by 269 publications

References 154 publications

Milk Polar Lipids: Underappreciated Lipids with Emerging Health Benefits

Milk Polar Lipids: Underappreciated Lipids with Emerging Health Benefits

Clinical Characteristics of Disseminated Strongyloidiasis, Japan, 1975–2017

A nutritional approach for managing irritable bowel syndrome

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