Gut microbe-derived milnacipran enhances tolerance to gut ischemia/reperfusion injury

Polysaccharide Isolated from Agaricus blazei Murill Alleviates Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Regulating Gut Microbiota and Mitigating Inflammation in Mice

“…The conditions of intestinal I/R have been demonstrated to cause gut dysbiosis, and regulating gut microbiota might alleviate intestinal I/R injury. 6,23 In the present study, intestinal I/R significantly disrupted the gut microbiota compositions as evidenced by the α diversity including the Chao1 index, Shannon index, and PD_whole_tree index (Figure 8a−c). Additionally, the β-diversity analysis showed that the pretreatment of high-dose ABP1 could partially reverse the gut microbiota dysbiosis to the healthy pattern (Figure 8d).…”

“…Then, the groups of IR + LP and IR + HP were orally administrated with low-dose ABP1 (10 mg/kg body weight) and high-dose ABP1 (100 mg/kg body weight) for 7 continuous days, respectively, whereas the other groups were given an oral gavage of water at the same time. After 7 days of ABP1 intervention, the mouse intestinal I/R model was established by temporary superior mesenteric artery occlusion as demonstrated in the previous study . Briefly, the mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (3% induction and 1% maintenance), secured to the operating table, and incised along the midline of the abdomen.…”

“…After 7 days of ABP1 intervention, the mouse intestinal I/R model was established by temporary superior mesenteric artery occlusion as demonstrated in the previous study. 23 Briefly, the mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (3% induction and 1% maintenance), secured to the operating table, and incised along the midline of the abdomen. The superior mesenteric artery was then clamped for 45 min before being perfused for an hour, whereas the mice in the Sham group only underwent an abdominal incision and the control mice did not receive any surgical procedure.…”

Bifidobacterium longum GL001 alleviates rat intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury by modulating gut microbiota composition and intestinal tissue metabolism

“…Notably, the gut microbial metabolite milnacipran has been found to enhance intestinal tolerance to IIR-induced damage. 47 Capsiate, by activating transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), promotes the expression of Gpx4, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis induced by IIR. 48 These findings emphasize the significance of studying IIR-induced damage from a metabolomics perspective.…”

Tryptophan metabolites relieve intestinal Candida albicans infection by altering the gut microbiota to reduce IL-22 release from group 3 innate lymphoid cells of the colon lamina propria

“…38 Studies have shown that Minapuram, a metabolite of intestinal flora, enhances the tolerance of intestinal I/R injury by regulating AHR/ILC3/IL-22 signaling, providing a new therapeutic strategy for intestinal I/R injury and enteric-borne sepsis. 39 IL-22 is produced by innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and CD4+ T cells and plays an important role in host defense and mucosal homeostasis. IL-21 and AhR signaling controls IL-22 production in T cells and the development of DSS induced colitis in ILC-deficient mice.…”