Gut-Brain Neuroendocrine Signaling Under Conditions of Stress—Focus on Food Intake-Regulatory Mediators

Stengel, Andreas; Taché, Yvette

doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00498

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 196 publications

(220 reference statements)

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“…First of all, one has to consider that neuropeptides, in contrast to classical neurotransmitters, could reach their target receptor over very long distances through blood circulation. That is the case for example for leptin, ghrelin, and insulin, which are released at the level of the gastrointestinal system, but also affect the central nervous system ( Rhea et al, 2018 ; Stengel and Tache, 2018 ). Not all neuropeptides can cross the blood–brain barrier; however, experimental evidence shows generalized effects of UCN3 after central injections, supporting a neuroendocrine option for UCN3 ( Sharpe and Phillips, 2009 ; Yeh et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Patterns of the Neuropeptide Urocortin 3 and Its Receptor CRFR2 in the Mouse Central Auditory System

Pagella

Deussing

Kopp‐Scheinpflug

2021

Front. Neural Circuits

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Sensory systems have to be malleable to context-dependent modulations occurring over different time scales, in order to serve their evolutionary function of informing about the external world while also eliciting survival-promoting behaviors. Stress is a major context-dependent signal that can have fast and delayed effects on sensory systems, especially on the auditory system. Urocortin 3 (UCN3) is a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor family. As a neuropeptide, UCN3 regulates synaptic activity much faster than the classic steroid hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Moreover, due to the lack of synaptic re-uptake mechanisms, UCN3 can have more long-lasting and far-reaching effects. To date, a modest number of studies have reported the presence of UCN3 or its receptor CRFR2 in the auditory system, particularly in the cochlea and the superior olivary complex, and have highlighted the importance of this stress neuropeptide for protecting auditory function. However, a comprehensive map of all neurons synthesizing UCN3 or CRFR2 within the auditory pathway is lacking. Here, we utilize two reporter mouse lines to elucidate the expression patterns of UCN3 and CRFR2 in the auditory system. Additional immunolabelling enables further characterization of the neurons that synthesize UCN3 or CRFR2. Surprisingly, our results indicate that within the auditory system, UCN3 is expressed predominantly in principal cells, whereas CRFR2 expression is strongest in non-principal, presumably multisensory, cell types. Based on the presence or absence of overlap between UCN3 and CRFR2 labeling, our data suggest unusual modes of neuromodulation by UCN3, involving volume transmission and autocrine signaling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Patterns of the Neuropeptide Urocortin 3 and Its Receptor CRFR2 in the Mouse Central Auditory System

Pagella

Deussing

Kopp‐Scheinpflug

2021

Front. Neural Circuits

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“…Die enge Verbindung zwischen dem Zentralnervensystem (ZNS) und dem enterischen Nervensystem (ENS) ist wissenschaftlich mittlerweile gut belegt (Stengel and Taché 2018). Bilaterale afferente und efferente Projektionen -die so genannte Darm-Hirn-Achseversorgen das Gehirn mit ernährungsphysiologischen, immunologischen und teilweise umweltbezogenen Informationen, während das Gehirn hilft, Verdauung und Motilität an die aktuelle "Außenwelt"-Situation anzupassen (Taché and Bernstein 2009).…”

Section: Cme Einleitungunclassified

Psychogastroenterologie

Mazurak

Stengel

2021

Psychotherapeut

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“…Pre-and post-episode of stress and anxiety contribute to food intake and suppressed desire to eat [251][252][253]. The intensity and duration of stress play a decisive role in developing several neuropsychological conditions including mood disorder, i.e., post-traumatic disorder, anxiety, and depression, with a significant impact on appetite [254].…”

Section: Role Of Somatostatin and Somatostatin Receptors In Stress Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of Central and Peripheral Factors of Satiety and Obesity

Kumar

Singh

2020

IJMS

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Obesity is one of the major social and health problems globally and often associated with various other pathological conditions. In addition to unregulated eating behaviour, circulating peptide-mediated hormonal secretion and signaling pathways play a critical role in food intake induced obesity. Amongst the many peptides involved in the regulation of food-seeking behaviour, somatostatin (SST) is the one which plays a determinant role in the complex process of appetite. SST is involved in the regulation of release and secretion of other peptides, neuronal integrity, and hormonal regulation. Based on past and recent studies, SST might serve as a bridge between central and peripheral tissues with a significant impact on obesity-associated with food intake behaviour and energy expenditure. Here, we present a comprehensive review describing the role of SST in the modulation of multiple central and peripheral signaling molecules. In addition, we highlight recent progress and contribution of SST and its receptors in food-seeking behaviour, obesity (orexigenic), and satiety (anorexigenic) associated pathways and mechanism.Contrary to obesity, satiety is a sense of fullness due to ephemeral lack of interest in further ingestion of food, which eventually leads to the suppression of appetite. Fullness is supposed to have a vital role in weight management because it will impact the frequency and amount of food and drink consumed later [53]. The feeling of satiety is a well-organized and biologically oriented process [54,55]. Satiety is a well-articulated process which reduces gastric distension and cholecystokinin (CCK) release in gut post ingestion of nutrients and importantly has been associated with signals from periphery via vagal afferent fibers that terminate in nucleus of the tractus solitaries (NTS) in the brain stem [56]. Besides, leptin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes, is also associated with satiety signals and studies further indicate that satiety response to CCK that was blocked in leptin receptor-deficient rat was regained following restoration of the leptin receptor in arcuate nucleus (ARC) [57][58][59]. Studies also support the role of NTS vagus afferent in response to leptin [60,61]. Feeling satiated will, in the long run, smother the inclination for cravings and lead to lesser consumption of food in the next meal. Satiety is not a response; it involves a complex mechanism for its operation, which includes the crucial role of the hypothalamus and peripheral hormones and determines energy expenditure [62]. Measurement of satiation can be done either directly by assessing food intake or indirectly by subjectively rating the urge for appetite [63]. Schwartz et al. demonstrated that hypothalamus is the central brain region responsible for adiposity signal; however, it is not an active participant in satiety [64]. It is interesting to note that most satiety associated information is relayed to NTS afferent fibers from the vagus nerve and afferent from GIT through the spinal cord. Mechanical or chemical stimula...

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Gut-Brain Neuroendocrine Signaling Under Conditions of Stress—Focus on Food Intake-Regulatory Mediators

Cited by 13 publications

References 196 publications

Expression Patterns of the Neuropeptide Urocortin 3 and Its Receptor CRFR2 in the Mouse Central Auditory System

Expression Patterns of the Neuropeptide Urocortin 3 and Its Receptor CRFR2 in the Mouse Central Auditory System

Psychogastroenterologie

Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of Central and Peripheral Factors of Satiety and Obesity

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