Gut and oral microbiome modulate molecular and clinical markers of schizophrenia-related symptoms: A transdiagnostic, multilevel pilot study

Lee, Jakleen J.; Piras, Enrica; Tamburini, Sabrina; Bu, Kevin; Wallach, David S.; Remsen, Brooke; Cantor, Adam; Kong, Jennifer; Goetz, Deborah; Hoffman, Kevin W.; Bonner, Mharisi; Joe, Peter; Mueller, Bridget R.; Robinson-Papp, Jessica; Lotan, Eyal; Gonen, Oded; Malaspina, Dolores; Clemente, Jose C.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115279

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Recent research has shown that SZ patients with a Prevotella -enterotype had an increased risk of obesity, indicating a significant influence on various metabolic pathways that disrupted the metabolism of glucose and lipids in the human body [ 67 ]. In contrast to our findings, Lee et al found that an enrichment of Prevotella in the oral microbiota accurately classified psychiatric phenotypes [ 25 ]. Another study found a positive correlation between oral Prevotella species, such as P. nigrescens , and peripheral blood alanine levels, suggesting a direct communication pathway between the oral microbiota and the brain [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Lee et al have demonstrated that the oral microbiome is significantly altered in adult SZ patients, and the differential bacteria can accurately classify psychiatric phenotypes. The correlations between microbiota and inflammatory markers in the periphery and hippocampus identify potential oral-brain axis mechanisms [ 25 ]. In addition, the human microbiota undergoes a progressive, age-related physiological succession of species across its life cycle, and the aging microbiota is distinct from other healthy age groups [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered oral microbiota and immune dysfunction in Chinese elderly patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study

Ling,

Cheng,

Liu

et al. 2023

Transl Psychiatry

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Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorder with uncertain etiology and pathogenesis. Increasing evidence has recognized the key role of the gut microbiota in SZ. However, few studies have investigated the potential link between oral microbiota and SZ. We studied the tongue coating microbiota and inflammatory profiles of 118 elderly SZ patients and 97 age-matched healthy controls using Illumina MiSeq sequencing and multiplex immunoassays, respectively. Reduced α-diversity, along with a significant difference in β-diversity, were observed in patients with SZ. We have identified SZ-associated oral dysbiosis, characterized by increased Streptococcus and Fusobacterium, as well as decreased Prevotella and Veillonella. These differential genera could potentially serve as biomarkers for SZ, either alone or in combination. Additionally, an elevated Streptococcus/Prevotella ratio could indicate oral dysbiosis. These differential genera formed two distinct clusters: Streptococcus-dominated and Prevotella-dominated, which exhibited different correlations with the altered immunological profiles. Furthermore, we also observed disruptions in the inferred microbiota functions in SZ-associated microbiota, particularly in lipid and amino acid metabolism. Our study provides novel insights into the characteristics of tongue coating microbiota and its associations with immunological disturbances in elderly SZ patients, which offer new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of SZ in the elderly.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered oral microbiota and immune dysfunction in Chinese elderly patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study

Ling,

Cheng,

Liu

et al. 2023

Transl Psychiatry

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“…The gut microbiome has become a burgeoning field in medical research (23); features of this have been frequently linked to the risk and treatment outcomes of SCZ (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). The gut microbiota composition is typically characterized by the relative abundance of its constituent microbes on multiple taxonomic levels, e.g., phylum, family, or genus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial diversity moderates polygenic risk of schizophrenia

Zhang,

Yuan,

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundSchizophrenia (SCZ) is a heritable disorder with a polygenic architecture, and the gut microbiota seems to be involved in its development and outcome. In this study, we investigate the interplay between genetic risk and gut microbial markers.MethodsWe included 159 first-episode, drug-naïve SCZ patients and 86 healthy controls. The microbial composition of feces was characterized using the 16S rRNA sequencing platform, and five microbial α-diversity indices were estimated [Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, the Abundance-based Eoverage Estimator (ACE), and a phylogenetic diversity-based estimate (PD)]. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for SCZ were constructed using data from large-scale genome-wide association studies. Effects of microbial α-diversity, microbial abundance, and PRS on SCZ were evaluated via generalized linear models.ResultsWe confirmed that PRS was associated with SCZ (OR = 2.08, p = 1.22×10−5) and that scores on the Shannon (OR = 0.29, p = 1.15×10−8) and Simpson (OR = 0.29, p = 1.25×10−8) indices were inversely associated with SCZ risk. We found significant interactions (p < 0.05) between PRS and α-diversity indices (Shannon, Simpson, and PD), with the effects of PRS being larger in those exhibiting higher diversity compared to those with lower diversity. Moreover, the PRS effects were larger in individuals with a high abundance of the genera Romboutsia, Streptococcus, and Anaerostipes than in those with low abundance (p < 0.05). All three of these genera showed protective effects against SCZ.ConclusionThe current findings suggest an interplay between the gut microbiota and polygenic risk of SCZ that warrants replication in independent samples. Experimental studies are needed to determine the underpinning mechanisms.

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Reproducible gut microbial signatures in bipolar and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A metagenome-wide study

Ioannou,

Borkent,

Andreu-Sánchez

et al. 2024

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Gut and oral microbiome modulate molecular and clinical markers of schizophrenia-related symptoms: A transdiagnostic, multilevel pilot study

Cited by 11 publications

References 99 publications

Altered oral microbiota and immune dysfunction in Chinese elderly patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study

Altered oral microbiota and immune dysfunction in Chinese elderly patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study

Gut microbial diversity moderates polygenic risk of schizophrenia

Reproducible gut microbial signatures in bipolar and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A metagenome-wide study

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