Gut–adipose tissue crosstalk: A bridge to novel therapeutic targets in metabolic syndrome?

Rosendo‐Silva, Daniela; Matafome, Paulo

doi:10.1111/obr.13130

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(301 reference statements)

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“…Gut microbiota influence host metabolism via crosstalk with the adipose tissue, which contribute to an alteration in metabolism related to obesity. Gut could regulate several events of adipose tissue function, including lipid metabolism, endocrine function ( 154 ) and inflammation ( 155 ).…”

Section: Th17 In Gut-organs Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of Th17 cells in endocrine organs: Involvement of the gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone

Wang

Gao

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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T Helper 17 (Th17) cells are adaptive immune cells that play myriad roles in the body. Immune–endocrine interactions are vital in endocrine organs during pathological states. Th17 cells are known to take part in multiple autoimmune diseases over the years. Current evidence has moved from minimal to substantial that Th17 cells are closely related to endocrine organs. Diverse tissue Th17 cells have been discovered within endocrine organs, including gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone, and these cells are modulated by various secretions from endocrine organs. Th17 cells in these endocrine organs are key players in the process of an array of metabolic disorders and inflammatory conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), osteoporosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We reviewed the pathogenetic or protective functions played by Th17 cells in various endocrine tissues and identified potential regulators for plasticity of it. Furthermore, we discussed the roles of Th17 cells in crosstalk of gut-organs axis.

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Section: Th17 In Gut-organs Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of Th17 cells in endocrine organs: Involvement of the gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone

Wang

Gao

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…GI hormones are a number of peptides that are secreted by different EECs ( 16 ). Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), ghrelin, gastrin and secretin are the well-known hormones that related to metabolism, and most of them take part in glucose metabolism by regulating insulin secretion or by acting directly on adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle and hypothalamus in central nervous system (CNS) ( 14 ) ( 17 , 18 ). Adipokines are another group of proteins that are released by adipocytes.…”

Section: G-p-a Interactions and Glucose Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Free fatty acid receptors in the endocrine regulation of glucose metabolism: Insight from gastrointestinal-pancreatic-adipose interactions

Zhao

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Glucose metabolism is primarily controlled by pancreatic hormones, with the coordinated assistance of the hormones from gastrointestine and adipose tissue. Studies have unfolded a sophisticated hormonal gastrointestinal-pancreatic-adipose interaction network, which essentially maintains glucose homeostasis in response to the changes in substrates and nutrients. Free fatty acids (FFAs) are the important substrates that are involved in glucose metabolism. FFAs are able to activate the G-protein coupled membrane receptors including GPR40, GPR120, GPR41 and GPR43, which are specifically expressed in pancreatic islet cells, enteroendocrine cells as well as adipocytes. The activation of FFA receptors regulates the secretion of hormones from pancreas, gastrointestine and adipose tissue to influence glucose metabolism. This review presents the effects of the FFA receptors on glucose metabolism via the hormonal gastrointestinal-pancreatic-adipose interactions and the underlying intracellular mechanisms. Furthermore, the development of therapeutic drugs targeting FFA receptors for the treatment of abnormal glucose metabolism such as type 2 diabetes mellitus is summarized.

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“…As recently reviewed, there is also essential gut–adipose tissue crosstalk, which is disrupted in the setting of MetS. Postprandial incretins, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), which regulate glucose homeostasis and exert anorexigenic effects, are significantly decreased in obese or T2DM patients [ 54 ]. Furthermore, in patients with obesity and MetS, the levels of appetite-inducing hormone ghrelin fail to progressively decline after meal ingestion [ 54 ].…”

Section: Pathophysiological Background Of Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postprandial incretins, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), which regulate glucose homeostasis and exert anorexigenic effects, are significantly decreased in obese or T2DM patients [ 54 ]. Furthermore, in patients with obesity and MetS, the levels of appetite-inducing hormone ghrelin fail to progressively decline after meal ingestion [ 54 ]. This disruption in anorexigenic/orexigenic hormone homeostasis induces a positive loop that ultimately ends in obesity/MetS.…”

Section: Pathophysiological Background Of Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Can Fasting Curb the Metabolic Syndrome Epidemic?

et al. 2022

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that includes hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Due to the high prevalence (around 1/3 of the world population) economic burden of MetS, there is a need for new dietary, lifestyle, and therapeutic options. Recently, fasting emerged as a dietary method proposed for controlling metabolic risk factors. Intermittent fasting (IF), or time-restricted feeding (TRF), describes an array of feeding patterns in which calorie intake is restricted to a specific time period. Hence, this review aimed to elucidate the latest data on MetS and explore the viability of simple management options, such as IF and TRF. Preclinical studies have shown how IF/TRF exerts beneficial effects on the gut microbiota, glucose and insulin metabolism, weight and visceral fat, and lipid metabolism. However, the results obtained from human studies are somewhat conflicting, as weight loss was achieved in all studies, whereas in some studies, there was no significant effect on insulin resistance, cholesterol/lipid metabolism, or blood pressure. Nevertheless, as only very few human studies were performed, there is a need for more randomized control trials on larger cohorts of patients with MetS to gather higher-yield evidence to clarify whether IF/TRF are suitable dietary patterns for this population.

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Gut–adipose tissue crosstalk: A bridge to novel therapeutic targets in metabolic syndrome?

Cited by 11 publications

References 124 publications

The role of Th17 cells in endocrine organs: Involvement of the gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone

The role of Th17 cells in endocrine organs: Involvement of the gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone

Free fatty acid receptors in the endocrine regulation of glucose metabolism: Insight from gastrointestinal-pancreatic-adipose interactions

Can Fasting Curb the Metabolic Syndrome Epidemic?

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