Gun violence research is surging to inform solutions to a devastating public health crisis

South, Eugenia C.; Hemenway, David; Webster, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107325

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our results contribute to a rapidly expanding body of literature on the nuances of firearm ownership, carrying, and storage among racially diverse populations . This evidence is crucial to inform tailored messaging related to firearm safety and secure storage programs (eg, Be SMART, Means Matter, Lock It Up, and Gun Shop Project).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…15 Our results contribute to a rapidly expanding body of literature on the nuances of firearm ownership, carrying, and storage among racially diverse populations. [16][17][18] This evidence is crucial to inform tailored messaging related to firearm safety and secure storage programs (eg, Be SMART, Means Matter, Lock It Up, and Gun Shop Project). Our results showed that most American Indian or Alaska Native and Black respondents stored their personally owned firearms in a locked location, but mixed practices on storing firearms loaded and/or using a locking device reveal ample avenues for continued education and programming on firearm locking devices.…”

Section: Jama Network Open | Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Firearm Access and Gun Violence Exposure Among American Indian or Alaska Native and Black Adults

Anestis,

Moceri-Brooks,

Ziminski

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceAmerican Indian or Alaska Native and Black adults experience elevated rates of firearm injury and death, but both groups are severely underrepresented in research on firearm exposure and behaviors.ObjectiveTo explore geodemographic differences in firearm behaviors and violence exposure among American Indian or Alaska Native and Black adults in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this survey study, nationally representative samples of American Indian or Alaska Native and/or Black adults recruited from KnowledgePanel were surveyed cross-sectionally. Surveys were administered online between April 12 and May 4, 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFirearm access, storage, and carrying behaviors and lifetime firearm violence exposure were the primary outcomes. Demographic factors such as age, geographic location, and political affiliation were considered. Data were weighted to geodemographic distributions from the US Census Bureau’s 2022 Current Population Survey.ResultsOf 3542 participants, 527 (14.9%) were American Indian or Alaska Native (280 [53.1%] female) and 3015 (85.1%) were Black (1646 [54.6%] female). Both groups exhibited high firearm access rates (American Indian or Alaska Native adults: 238 [45.4%; 95% CI, 39.4%-51.7%]; Black adults: 909 [30.4%; 95% CI, 28.0%-32.9%]), predominantly owning handguns for home protection. The groups demonstrated similar firearm storage patterns, and a substantial proportion endorsed always or almost always carrying firearms outside the home (American Indian or Alaska Native adults: 18.9%; Black adults: 15.2%). Self-protection was a common reason for carrying a firearm (American Indian or Alaska Native adults: 104 [84.9%; 95% CI, 74.1%-91.7%]; Black adults: 350 [88.3%; 95% CI, 82.3%-92.4%]), and a minority of participants cited lack of faith in the police (American Indian or Alaska Native adults: 19 [15.2%; 95% CI, 8.2%-26.7%]; Black adults: 61 [15.4%; 95% CI, 10.3%-21.2%]), indicating potential shifts in public safety dynamics.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this survey study of American Indian or Alaska Native and Black US adults, a substantial percentage of both groups reported living in homes with firearms, storing firearms loaded and unlocked, frequently carrying firearms outside the home, and having been exposed directly and indirectly to gun violence. These findings underscore the need for nuanced public health campaigns and policies and highlight challenges for law enforcement in contexts of racial disparities and changing legal frameworks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Jama Network Open | Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firearm Access and Gun Violence Exposure Among American Indian or Alaska Native and Black Adults

Anestis,

Moceri-Brooks,

Ziminski

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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“…In the United States, firearm injury was the second leading cause of death for individuals aged 1-29 years in 2017. 1,2 Historically, younger males, individuals of color, and lower socioeconomic groups were at higher risk for these injuries. 3 Multiple studies demonstrated increases in interpersonal and firearm violence with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and that this increase is concentrated in communities that experienced firearm violence pre-pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firearm Assaults in Communities: The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown

Krzyzaniak

Carroll

Rooney

et al. 2023

The American Surgeon™

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Background Firearm violence has increased nationwide, with recent surges linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured traumatic assault trends at our urban Level I trauma center and assessed rates of firearm violence over time and pre/post local COVID-19 lockdown based on levels of socioeconomic disadvantage. Methods We conducted a retrospective review (2016-2022) of assault patients 16 years and older. Demographics and hospital outcomes were assessed by assault mechanism (firearm, knife, blunt). Patient address was correlated to Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a measure of socioeconomic disadvantage. COVID-19 lockdown onset was defined as initial date of lockdown (3/19/2020). Trend and time-series analyses compared all assault mechanisms and firearm-specific assaults pre/post-lockdown. Poisson regression assessed firearm assault risk. Results Of the 1583 total assaults, firearm patients (n = 335) were younger (median 29 years), had longer hospital stays (median 2 days), and greater mortality (12%) than other mechanisms. The 2 years post-lockdown had significantly more firearm assaults (27% vs 15% pre-lockdown, P < .001) and time-series analysis found this abrupt and significant increase in firearm assaults occurred at lockdown onset (P = .01). Also post-lockdown, the rate of firearm assaults increased by 10% for every unit increase in socioeconomic deprivation (P < .01). There was no change in assault type by race/ethnicity. Discussion Firearm assaults increased dramatically immediately post-COVID lockdown at our center and have maintained higher rates through 2022. Greater ADI was associated with increasing firearm assaults and has magnified post-lockdown, demonstrating lower socioeconomic groups are disproportionately and increasingly affected by firearm violence.

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“…Participation is efforts made by the government and institutions related to integrating social media in making decisions and expanding participation in public policy (Shah, Siddiqui, and Krief 2021). One benefit of using social media for service health is the ability to convey information health quickly and broadly (South, Hemenway, and Webster 2022). With easy sharing through social media platforms, news health, health tips, and medical knowledge can reach thousands or even millions of insiders (Burns et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Social Media for Health Services: Bibliometric Analysis

Palemba,

Nurmandi

2023

JSM

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This study aims to analyze the role of social media in using public policy on health services in the literature Scopus indexed. Deep social media government has become more critical in e-government. Considering social media for taking the policy, the government is the internal medium to push public policy on services and health to increase the government's performance. This research analyzed 454 Scopus database documents from 2018-2023 using "health service," "policy," and "service use" as keywords. The data was filtered using bibliometrics based on the relevance of keywords, author's country, and year of publication, limited to the last five years. Information is saved in RIS format and processed through device soft Citespace. CiteSpace software is used for publication data visualization and government plan formulation. Effective social media policy requires good management for public decision-making. The study analyzed only one topic on Scopus without using international index databasesI'll summarize three research by presenting papers based on criteria like publications, origin countries, fields of study, authors, institutions, issues, and citations. Medicine studies with percentages are dominant, King's College London leads, Draheim contributes the most, and the US is the biggest contributor.

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Gun violence research is surging to inform solutions to a devastating public health crisis

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Firearm Access and Gun Violence Exposure Among American Indian or Alaska Native and Black Adults

Firearm Access and Gun Violence Exposure Among American Indian or Alaska Native and Black Adults

Firearm Assaults in Communities: The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown

Using Social Media for Health Services: Bibliometric Analysis

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