Gulf of Naples Advanced Model (GNAM): A Multiannual Comparison with Coastal HF Radar Data and Hydrological Measurements in a Coastal Tyrrhenian Basin

Kokoszka, Florian; Saviano, Simona; Botte, Vincenzo; Iudicone, Daniele; Zambianchi, Enrico; Cianelli, Daniela

doi:10.3390/jmse10081044

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…On the other hand, the wind regime in the summer season is driven by breezes, with SW and NE winds alternating during the day, and with periods of stable atmospheric pressure due to the presence of the Azores anticyclone and, in the last few years, of the African anticyclone [34]. The circulation in the GoN, as shown by several modeling studies [25,33,35] and experimental investigations [36][37][38], is closely related to local winds.…”

Section: Hfr Networkmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The GoN is a highly populated area in the Central Tyrrhenian Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea), characterized by the presence of several industrial, touristic and commercial activities [21,22]. The HF-GoN network-retrieved surface currents and wave parameters have been used in several studies to understand oceanographic and ecosystem processes such as surface transport [23,24], the validation of numerical models [25], assimilation in numerical models [26] and wave field and extreme event analysis [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HF Radar Wind Direction: Multiannual Analysis Using Model and HF Network

et al. 2023

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HF radar systems have the potential to measure the wind direction, in addition to surface currents and wave fields. However, studies on HF radar for wind direction determination are rare in the scientific literature. Starting with the results presented in Saviano et al. (2021), we here expand on the reliability of the multiannual wind direction data retrieved over two periods, from May 2008 to December 2010 and from January to December 2012, by a network of three SeaSonde high-frequency (HF) radars operating in the Gulf of Naples (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea). This study focuses on the measurements obtained by each antenna over three range cells along a coast–offshore transect, pointing to any potential geographically dependent measurement. The scarcity of offshore wind measurements requires the use of model-generated data for comparative purposes. The data here used are obtained from the Mediterranean Wind–Wave Model, which provides indications for both wave and wind parameters, and the ERA5@2km wind dataset obtained by dynamically downscaling ERA5 reanalysis. These data are first compared with in situ data and subsequently with HF-retrieved wind direction measurements. The analysis of the overall performance of the HF radar network in the Gulf of Naples confirms that the HF radar wind data show the best agreement when the wind speed exceeds a 5 m/s threshold, ensuring a sufficiently energetic surface wave field to be measured. The results obtained in the study suggest the necessity of wind measurements in offshore areas to validate the HF radar wind measurements and to improve the extraction algorithms. The present work opens up further investigations on the applications of wind data from SeaSonde HF radars as potential monitoring platforms, both in coastal and offshore areas.

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Section: Hfr Networkmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HF Radar Wind Direction: Multiannual Analysis Using Model and HF Network

et al. 2023

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“…To track estimated connectivity among nearshore sites we first performed numerical simulations using a regional ocean modelling system (ROMS) developed for the Tyrrhenian Sea (2 km resolution); then, the results of this first simulation were used as initial and boundary conditions for a finer grid model called Gulf of Naples Advanced Model (GNAM), covering the Campania coast with a 500 m resolution to obtain high-resolution output. GNAM is a free-surface, terrain-following, primitive equations ocean model widely used for a broad range of applications [ 24 ] and recently validated for the Gulf of Naples (GoN) area using a multiannual comparison with coastal high-frequency radar data and hydrological measurements [ 25 ]. We then used the ROMS velocity fields to run a Lagrangian transport package of virtual passive particles released along coastal areas, following velocity fields and constrained to fixed release depths (1 m).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal changes of pelagic food webs investigated by environmental DNA metabarcoding and connectivity analysis

Bellardini,

Russo,

Di Tuccio

et al. 2024

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Environmental DNA metabarcoding (eDNA metaB) is fundamental for monitoring marine biodiversity and its spread in coastal ecosystems. We applied eDNA metaB to seawater samples to investigate the spatiotemporal variability of plankton and small pelagic fish, comparing sites with different environmental conditions across a coast-to-offshore gradient at river mouths along the Campania coast (Italy) over 2 years (2020–2021). We found a marked seasonality in the planktonic community at the regional scale, likely owing to the hydrodynamic connection among sampling sites, which was derived from numerical simulations. Nonetheless, spatial variability among plankton communities was detected during summer. Overall, slight changes in plankton and fish composition resulted in the potential reorganization of the pelagic food web at the local scale. This work supports the utility of eDNA metaB in combination with hydrodynamic modelling to study marine biodiversity in the water column of coastal systems. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions’.

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“…Kokoszka, Saviano, et al (2022) compared the model with in situ data and found that the monthly and interannual variabilities of the velocity components of the surface currents in the GoN were accurately reproduced (average annual correlation: 0.63).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay among anthropogenic impact, climate change, and internal dynamics in driving nutrient and phytoplankton biomass in the Gulf of Naples

et al. 2023

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Due to an ever-increasing demographic pressure, coastal areas are hotspots of anthropogenic impact on marine ecosystems. Understanding the extent and nature of these impacts is critical for developing effective conservation and management strategies to protect and restore coastal marine ecosystems and the services they provide. The Gulf of Naples is a coastal embayment in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea, which is severely impacted by human activities. Here, we discuss the intertwining of anthropogenic pressures and climate variations in regulating phytoplankton biomass dynamics in the Gulf and the presence of possible long-term changes. We analysed three decades of T-S, nutrient, and chlorophyll a data collected at a fixed station, the LTER-MC site. Despite some spikes in nutrient concentrations (up to 9.92 mmol m −3 for NO 3 − , 13.12 mmol m −3 for NH 4 + , 0.75 mmol m −3 for PO 4 3− , and 13.59 mmol m −3 for Si(OH) 4 ), median surface and depth-integrated concentrations are relatively low (0.73 mmol m −3 and 0.45 mmol m −3 for NO 3 − , 0.73 mmol m −3 and 0.47 mmol m −3 for NH 4 + , 0.07 mmol m −3 and 0.04 mmol m −3 for PO 4 3− , 1.61 mmol m −3and 1.44 mmol m −3 for Si(OH) 4 , respectively). Chlorophyll a concentrations, here taken as a proxy of phytoplankton biomass, occasionally display high values (up to 17.33 mg m −3 ) and fluctuating highs and lows lasting several months, with an overall median value of 1.37 mg m −3 at the surface, and 0.55 mg m −3 as integrated mean. These values are nine and three times higher than the offshore concentrations. The plankton food web at the site is mostly driven by terrestrial inputs. The effect of large-scalelong-term trends in nutrient inputs (e.g., phosphate load reduction) is comparable to that of local drivers, also because of the relatively shallow depth (75 m) of the station and its vicinity to the coastline. Importantly, the physical dynamics, despite the more closed morphology of the Gulf with respect to other bays in the Tyrrhenian Sea, efficiently removes excess nutrients and biomass, preventing dystrophic phenomena.

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Gulf of Naples Advanced Model (GNAM): A Multiannual Comparison with Coastal HF Radar Data and Hydrological Measurements in a Coastal Tyrrhenian Basin

Cited by 5 publications

References 75 publications

HF Radar Wind Direction: Multiannual Analysis Using Model and HF Network

HF Radar Wind Direction: Multiannual Analysis Using Model and HF Network

Spatiotemporal changes of pelagic food webs investigated by environmental DNA metabarcoding and connectivity analysis

Interplay among anthropogenic impact, climate change, and internal dynamics in driving nutrient and phytoplankton biomass in the Gulf of Naples

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