Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II logging-while-drilling data acquisition and analysis

Collett, Timothy S.; Lee, Myung W.; Zyrianova, Margarita V.; Mrozewski, S.; Guèrin, G.; Cook, Ann E.; Goldberg, D.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.08.003

Cited by 150 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…At some point, the ultrasonic field is settled and is constant, so will change with reflecting angle based on (9). Considering (14) and (21), when increases, the amplitude of the reflected ultrasonic wave decreases and the Doppler frequency shift increases for any reflector.…”

Section: The Model Of Nonoriented Continuous-wave Dopplermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in an actual situation, the attenuation of ultrasound is large in drilling mud and increases along with the growth of mud density [8], which makes most methods inapplicable. To detect the occurrence of gas kick early, recent researchers have move towards the use of a downhole instrument, including the methods of pressure while drilling and logging while drilling [9]. Collett et al [9] analyzed various parameters when gas kick occurs, such as flow, pressure, density, and electrical conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To detect the occurrence of gas kick early, recent researchers have move towards the use of a downhole instrument, including the methods of pressure while drilling and logging while drilling [9]. Collett et al [9] analyzed various parameters when gas kick occurs, such as flow, pressure, density, and electrical conductivity. The detection method at the downhole location has great advantages in terms of accuracy and stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Research on Mud Flow Rate Measurement Method Based on Continuous Doppler Ultrasonic Wave

Zhou¹,

Zhao²,

He³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Optics

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In deep-water drilling processes, the flow rate of drilling mud inside an annular pipe is significant judgment data for early kick detection. On the basis of the continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound, this paper proposes a new detection method of nonoriented continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound. The method solves the problem of the ultrasound having great attenuation in mud and not receiving effective signals by using a continuous ultrasound. Moreover, this method analyzes the nonoriented characteristics of ultrasound reflection on principle and proposes the detection of ultrasound Doppler frequency shift by detecting Lamb wave, which releases the detection of oil-based mud flow rate in a nonintrusive annular pipe. The feasibility of the method is verified through theoretical analysis and numerous experiments on a gas kick simulation platform. The measurement result has reached a flow accuracy approximating to the intrusive flow meter. OverviewEarly kick detection is an important method in preventing blowout accidents and plays a significant role in deepwater drilling processes. As an important judgment factor, emphasis is always placed on the flow detection of drilling mud in an annular pipe. However, the complicated nature of underwater environment and the detection of the mud flow that can only be conducted at the mud outlet cause serious hysteresis in gas kick detection results. The serious blowout accident that happened in the Gulf of Mexico, USA, in 2010 was greatly connected with the hysteresis in gas kick detection results. Knowing how to realize the detection of mud flow rate inside the annular pipe near the seabed and identifying the occurrence of the gas kick accident as early as possible are of great importance. However, two kinds of fluid flow detection methods exist: intrusive and nonintrusive. The intrusive flow meter will damage the original pipeline system and influence the drilling of the mud field, which makes the application of the intrusive method inevitably affect the original technological process. However, the deep-water drilling technology is complicated, and the requirement is high; thus, the change of the original technological process will bring about a cost increase. To have no influence on the original technological process, the best option is to have a nonintrusive flow detection method. Ultrasound flow detection is a typical nonintrusive flow detection method; however, mud drilling will cause ultrasound attenuation, and the common ultrasound detection method cannot detect effective echo signals. The continuous ultrasound will form a strong sound field in the mud and can spread further than the impulse ultrasound for the wave superposition factor. Nevertheless, few methods exist for detecting the flow rate of the continuous ultrasound. In addition, the measurement of the nonintrusive flow is difficult, because the flow mode of the annular pipe mud is complicated and the pressure at the seabed is remarkably high. On this basis, this study analyzes the nonoriented reflection of the contin...

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Section: The Model Of Nonoriented Continuous-wave Dopplermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Research on Mud Flow Rate Measurement Method Based on Continuous Doppler Ultrasonic Wave

Zhou¹,

Zhao²,

He³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Optics

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“…Studies from regions such as the Cascadia Margin (Malinverno, 2010;Malinverno et al, 2008;Torres et al, 2008;Trehu et al, 2004), the Gulf of Mexico (Boswell et al, 2012;Collett et al, 2012;Cook and Malinverno, 2013;Lee et al, 2012), and Nankai trough (Uchida et al, 2009) have demonstrated that NGH will preferentially form at higher concentrations in more porous and permeable sedimentary layers, such as sand and volcanic ash beds. There is growing evidence that properties such as grain size, composition, and gas migration may contribute to complex distributions of gas hydrate saturation within porous-permeable reservoirs themselves (Boswell et al, , 2012Collett et al, 2011Collett et al, , 2012Lee and Collett, 2011;Lee et al, 2012;Rose et al, 2011). Field, modeling, and laboratory studies (Kneafsey et al, 2009;Lu et al, 2011;Malinverno, 2010;Shankar and Riedel, 2013;Torres et al, 2008) indicated that for the majority of marine systems, which are dominantly fine-grained with discrete, well-constrained porous and permeable layers, a general relationship exists between higher NGH saturations and grain size of the host sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field, modeling, and laboratory studies (Kneafsey et al, 2009;Lu et al, 2011;Malinverno, 2010;Shankar and Riedel, 2013;Torres et al, 2008) indicated that for the majority of marine systems, which are dominantly fine-grained with discrete, well-constrained porous and permeable layers, a general relationship exists between higher NGH saturations and grain size of the host sediment. However, studies of NGH accumulations both onshore Rose et al, 2011) and offshore (Bahk et al, 2011(Bahk et al, , 2014(Bahk et al, , 2013Collett et al, 2012;Torres et al, 2008) increasingly illustrate that hydrate distribution within the GHSZ does not always have a simple relationship with grain size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous porosity preservation and preferential accumulation of gas hydrate in the Andaman accretionary wedge, NGHP-01 site 17A

Rose

Johnson

Torres

et al. 2014

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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a b s t r a c tIn addition to well established properties that control the presence or absence of the hydrate stability zone, such as pressure, temperature, and salinity, additional parameters appear to influence the concentration of gas hydrate in host sediments. The stratigraphic record at Site 17A in the Andaman Sea, eastern Indian Ocean, illustrates the need to better understand the role pore-scale phenomena play in the distribution and presence of marine gas hydrates in a variety of subsurface settings. In this paper we integrate field-generated datasets with newly acquired sedimentology, physical property, imaging and geochemical data with mineral saturation and ion activity products of key mineral phases such as amorphous silica and calcite, to document the presence and nature of secondary precipitates that contributed to anomalous porosity preservation at Site 17A in the Andaman Sea. This study demonstrates the importance of grain-scale subsurface heterogeneities in controlling the occurrence and distribution of concentrated gas hydrate accumulations in marine sediments, and document the importance that increased permeability and enhanced porosity play in supporting gas concentrations sufficient to support gas hydrate formation. The grain scale relationships between porosity, permeability, and gas hydrate saturation documented at Site 17A likely offer insights into what may control the occurrence and distribution of gas hydrate in other sedimentary settings.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Geophysical signatures for low porosity can mimic natural gas hydrate: An example from Alaminos Canyon, Gulf of Mexico

Cook

Tost

2014

JGR Solid Earth

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Natural gas hydrate in sand sediments can increase both the measured compressional velocity and resistivity. The same geophysical signatures occur, however, in low-porosity sand. We investigate the possible occurrence of natural gas hydrate in a sand interval in Alaminos Canyon Block 21 (AC 21) in the Gulf of Mexico, drilled by the U.S. Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project. The sand interval has an increase in resistivity (~2.2 Ω m) and a strong peak and trough at the top and bottom of the sand on exploration seismic, which has been interpreted as natural gas hydrate. We reexamine the logging data and construct a new reservoir model that matches the measured resistivity, the high-density sublayers in the sand, and the surface seismic trace. Our model shows that the sand interval in AC 21 is most likely water saturated; and the slight increase in resistivity, higher-measured density, and the seismic amplitudes are caused by a reduction in porosity to~30% in the sand interval relative to a porosity of~42% in the surrounding marine muds. More broadly, we show that the average depth where the porosity of marine muds becomes lower than sand sediment is 900 mbsf, though it could be as shallow as 600 mbsf for high-porosity sands. In any case, the similar geophysical signatures for water-saturated sand and low saturations of natural gas hydrate in sand probably occur throughout the gas hydrate stability zone at most sites worldwide.

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Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II logging-while-drilling data acquisition and analysis

Cited by 150 publications

References 24 publications

Research on Mud Flow Rate Measurement Method Based on Continuous Doppler Ultrasonic Wave

Research on Mud Flow Rate Measurement Method Based on Continuous Doppler Ultrasonic Wave

Anomalous porosity preservation and preferential accumulation of gas hydrate in the Andaman accretionary wedge, NGHP-01 site 17A

Geophysical signatures for low porosity can mimic natural gas hydrate: An example from Alaminos Canyon, Gulf of Mexico

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