Guillan barre syndrome in post Covid-19 infection in children

Abstract

Introduction Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an inflammatory poly-radiculoneuropathy occurring usually two weeks after a viral infection.Covid-19 infection represent with respiratory symptoms, but it might manifests with extra pulmonary symptoms, and especially neurological including Guillain-Barre syndrom Case report A 3 years old female patient admitted to the intensive care unit for an acute symmetric and progressive ascending quadriparesis two weeks after an upper respiratory infection, the diagnosis of post covid GBS was maintained, and the evolution was favorable after intraveneous immunoglobulins. Conclusion This case report suggest the probable causal link between COVID 19 and GBS.

Spectrum of neuroimaging mimics in children with COVID-19 infection

“…The classical feature of GBS is acute, progressive ascending limb weakness, whereas MFS is characterized by acute ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia [ 97 ]. Numerous cases of GBS [ 10 , 20 , 21 , 26 , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] ] and multiple reports of MFS [ [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] ] have been reported in children with COVID-19 infection.…”

“…[ 10 ]. Numerous case reports have indicated the presence of acute encephalopathy or encephalitis [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] ], acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) [ 25 , 26 ], acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) [ 20 , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] ], cytotoxic lesions in the callosal splenium [ 26 , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] ], posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) [ 26 , 38 ], cerebral venous thrombosis [ 39 , 40 ], vasculitis and acute infarction [ 20 , 21 , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] ], Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) [ 20 , 21 , 26 , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] ] and its variant Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) [ [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] ], transverse myelitis [ 9 , 50 ,…”

Diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 associated Guillain-Barre syndrome in children is challenging like in adults

“…We read with interest the article by El Mezzeoui et al about a previously healthy three years-old female who developed progressive sensory disturbances followed by muscle weakness initially of the lower limbs which progressively ascended to the upper limbs two weeks after an upper respiratory tract infection [ 1 ]. Muscle weakness did not include the respiratory muscles but was associated with dysphagia [ 1 ].…”

“…We read with interest the article by El Mezzeoui et al about a previously healthy three years-old female who developed progressive sensory disturbances followed by muscle weakness initially of the lower limbs which progressively ascended to the upper limbs two weeks after an upper respiratory tract infection [ 1 ]. Muscle weakness did not include the respiratory muscles but was associated with dysphagia [ 1 ]. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) was diagnosed after exclusion of differentials by means of a cerebral MRI and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) were started with a beneficial effect, resulting in complete recovery within four weeks of hospitalisation [ 1 ].…”

“…Muscle weakness did not include the respiratory muscles but was associated with dysphagia [ 1 ]. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) was diagnosed after exclusion of differentials by means of a cerebral MRI and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) were started with a beneficial effect, resulting in complete recovery within four weeks of hospitalisation [ 1 ]. The study is appealing but raises concerns that need to be discussed.…”