Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report and Review of Management Strategies

Mostel, Zachary; Ayat, Parinaz; Capric, Violeta; Trimmingham, Andrea; McFarlane, Samy I.

doi:10.12691/ajmcr-9-3-16

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…68 Incidence of different peripheral nervous involvement stages in COVID-19 infected individuals, known as MFS, acute motor axonal neuropathy, and acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy has been reported through more studies. 66,[69][70][71][72][73][74] Existing reports on the neurologic autoimmune manifestations following infection with other coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, further support the notion that COVID-19 might be capable of inducing autoimmune reactions against the nervous system. 75,76 Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is defined as immunological destruction of platelets that result in a low number of circulating platelets.…”

Section: Autoimmune Complications Of Covid-19 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Autoimmune complications of COVID‐19

Yazdanpanah

Rezaei

2021

Journal of Medical Virology

132

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still propagating a year after the start of the pandemic. Besides the complications patients face during the COVID-19 disease period, there is an accumulating body of evidence concerning the late-onset complications of COVID-19, of which autoimmune manifestations have attracted remarkable attention from the first months of the pandemic. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune thyroid diseases, Kawasaki disease, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and the detection of autoantibodies are the cues to the discovery of the potential of COVID-19 in inducing autoimmunity.Clarification of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 injuries to the host, whether it is direct viral injury or autoimmunity, could help to develop appropriate treatment.

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Section: Autoimmune Complications Of Covid-19 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Autoimmune complications of COVID‐19

Yazdanpanah

Rezaei

2021

Journal of Medical Virology

132

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“…After thorough literature review, we found a substantial number of reported cases and case series of Covid-19 infection presented with GBS. Table 1 summarizes demographic, type of relationship with Covid-19, clinical and GBS sub-types, response to specific GBS treatment, and outcome of different GBS cases who presented in concurrent with Covid 19 infection [[ [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] ],[ [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] ...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common neurological symptoms of COVID-19 are headache, dizziness, dysgeusia/ageusia, hyposmia/anosmia, seizure, stroke, and encephalopathy [ 2 ]. There have been reported cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) associated with COVID-19 from different parts of the world [[ [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] ],[ [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] ,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 infection presented as Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Report of two new cases and review of 116 reported cases and case series

Elzouki¹,

Osman²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2021

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

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Background /Aims: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a pandemic infectious disease of 2020, which often presents with respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. The behavior of the virus and its full clinical picture has not been fully studied yet. Many case reports and case series have been running in order to elaborate different presentations and associations. Pulmonary and gastrointestinal features of COVID-19 infection are well outlined; however, neurological manifestations are less defined. Case presentation We report two adult cases of COVID-19 infection presented with acute Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), and a literature review on the causal association between COVID-19 and GBS. Conclusion Our two case reports in addition to literature review of 116 published cases may help offer insight into the clinical course of COVID-19 infection. Our two COVID-19 patients presented with neurological manifestations of GBS which were not preceded with any respiratory, gastrointestinal or other systemic infection. This leads us to raise the possibility of establish direct causal association between COVID-19 infection and GBS. Physicians should have high clinical suspicions when encounter GBS patient during the current COVID-19 pandemic and consider co-existence of COVID-19 infection that may warrant SARS-CoV-2 testing, isolation precautions, and specific treatment for Covid-19 infection.

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“…The most common findings reported on MRIs of the spine were abnormal enhancement of the cauda equina/lumbar spinal nerve root enhancement (n = 6) [15,[49][50][51][52] and abnormal hyperintensity on T2/STIR sequences along with enhancement of postganglionic roots supplying the brachial and lumbar plexus (n = 2) [53,54], in reported cases of GBS.…”

Section: Pns Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of CSF, Serum and Neuroimaging Markers in CNS and PNS Manifestation in COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Case Report and Case Series

Podury¹,

Srivastava

Khan

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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Background: The data on neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients has been rapidly increasing throughout the pandemic. However, data on CNS and PNS inflammatory disorders in COVID-19 with respect to CSF, serum and neuroimaging markers is still lacking. Methods: We screened all articles resulting from a search of PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, using the keywords “SARS-CoV-2 and neurological complication”, “SARS-CoV-2 and CNS Complication” and “SARS-CoV-2 and PNS Complication” looking for transverse myelitis, vasculitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis (AHNE), cytotoxic lesion of the corpus callosum (CLOCC) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), published between 1 December 2019 to 15 July 2021. Results: Of the included 106 CNS manifestations in our study, CNS inflammatory disorders included transverse myelitis (17, 14.7%), AHNE (12, 10.4%), ADEM (11, 9.5%), CLOCC/MERS (10, 8.6%) and vasculitis (4, 3.4%). Others were nonspecific encephalopathy, encephalitis, seizures and stroke. Most patients were >50 years old (75, 70.8%) and male (64, 65.3%). Most (59, 63.4%) were severe cases of COVID-19 and 18 (18%) patients died. Of the included 94 PNS manifestations in our study, GBS (89, 92.7%) was the most common. Most of these patients were >50 years old (73, 77.7%) and male (59, 64.1%). Most (62, 67.4%) were non-severe cases of COVID-19, and ten patients died. Conclusion: Our comprehensive review of the clinical and paraclinical findings in CNS and PNS manifestations of COVID-19 provide insights on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and its neurotropism. The higher frequency and severity of CNS manifestations should be noted by physicians for increased vigilance in particular COVID-19 cases.

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Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report and Review of Management Strategies

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Autoimmune complications of COVID‐19

Autoimmune complications of COVID‐19

COVID-19 infection presented as Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Report of two new cases and review of 116 reported cases and case series

Relevance of CSF, Serum and Neuroimaging Markers in CNS and PNS Manifestation in COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Case Report and Case Series

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