Guillain-Barré syndrome and SIADH

Abstract

SIADH is a common and important electrolyte disorder encountered in GBS. It has significant association with severity of GBS and is an indicator of poor prognosis. It can be symptomatic even though the majority of patients are asymptomatic.

Acute Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination Showing Anti-Aquaporin 4 Antibody Positivity

“…In previous reports of neuropathies with SIADH, most patients had severe autonomic dysfunction (28,29). Although several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these findings, including downward osmotic resetting and enhanced renal tubular sensitivity to ADH (27), the pathogenesis of SIADH in peripheral neuropathy is still not fully understood.…”

“…It is considered that damage of the hypothalamus causes SIADH, even if hypothalamic lesions are not detected (24). SIADH has also been documented in patients with peripheral neuropathies such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (25)(26)(27), acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy (28), and paraneoplastic autonomic and sensorymotor neuropathy (29). In previous reports of neuropathies with SIADH, most patients had severe autonomic dysfunction (28,29).…”

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Associated with Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

“…The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone may result from a variety of peripheral neuropathies, such as Guillain-Barré Syndrome (8)(9)(10), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (11,12) and paraneoplastic neuropathy (13). The mechanism underlying SIADH in these neuropathies is discussed in various ways.…”

Clinical Reasoning: Burning hands and feet

“…Saifudheen et al 9 found that 48% of patients with GBS had associated SIADH, which was also found to be a poor prognostic predictor. The pathogenesis of SIADH in GBS has not been fully understood but has been postulated to be due to osmotic resetting and enhanced renal tubular sensitivity to antidiuretic hormone.…”