proper patient's spirituality and health in many domains; physical, mental, physiological and behavioral health statuses. In the physical domain, it will aggravate hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, chronic body ache, premenstrual syndrome, migraine and cluster headaches. While in the mental domain it will exacerbate anxiety, insomnia, depression and low self-esteem. Although in the physiologic effects, it will worsen metabolism, rate of breathing, blood pressure, muscle tension, heart rate and increased brain waves. Whereas in the behavioral domain, it will increase drug abuse, alcohol consumption, smoking addiction, and increase destructive behavior [14][15][16].There are many barriers for physicians to practice spiritual medicine including; lack of physician time, experience, and suspicion of the role of physician in spiritual medicine respectively (71%, 59%, 31%) [17].
Spirituality vs. ReligionSpirituality is a multifaceted, multidimensional human experience that includes religious and nonreligious. Spirituality has three components; cognitive, experiential and behavioral dimensions (Figure 1). The cognitive is the mental framework, which consists of meaning, purpose, truth beliefs and values [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].Experiential is the quality of an individual's inner resources which consists of hope, love, connection, inner peace, comfort, support, the ability to give and receive spiritual love, and the types of relationships [26][27][28][29].Behavior perspectives are the way a person externally manifests individual spiritual beliefs and their inner spiritual state [16,[30][31][32].