Guidelines for Filler-Material Selection To Minimize Preferential Weld Corrosion in Pipeline Steels

Mahajanam, Sudhakar; Joosten, Michael W.

doi:10.2118/130513-pa

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Typically, corrosion rates can vary considerably when different materials are combined in static or dynamic aqueous environments. It is more challenging when three or more elements are linked and immersed in a fl uid and where fl ow rates are variable and critical (Lee, et al, 2005& Mahajanam & Joosten, 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preferential Weld Corrosion of X65 Carbon Steel Pipeline Under Co2 Environment

Nofrizal¹

2020

SCOG

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Preferential weld corrosion (PWC) is a severe corrosion form of attack found in pipeline weldments in oil and gas industries. PWC occurs when the corrosion rate of the weld metal (WM) and heat affected zone (HAZ) is higher than the parent metal (PM). PWC was generated by galvanic corrosion mechanism due to dissimilarities in the composition and microstructure of the metal in the three weld regions.The aim of this research is to study the effect of flow rate on preferential weld corrosion (PWC) in X65 high strength pipeline steel using submerged jet impingement by investigating the mechanism of PWC on a weldment in artificial seawater saturated with carbon dioxide at 1 bar. A novel submerged jet impingement apparatus that consist of 3 rings (outer, inner and centre) was designed so that the parent material, heat affected zone and weld metal could be analysed in a high shear stress environment. Corrosion experiments were performed with X65 pipeline steel under no flow and flowing condition at 10 m/s at 30oC and pH4. The galvanic current characteristic between the weldment regions was recorded using a zero-resistance ammeter, and the self-corrosion was analysed by using linear polarisation resistance measurements. Total corrosion rates were calculated from the sum of the galvanic and self-corrosion contributions. The morphology, structure, chemical on the surface of X65 after corrosion process was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and focus ion beam (FIB) to examine the corrosion product that form in brine containing dissolved carbon dioxide.In a no-flow condition, the result shows that the galvanic characteristics on all weldments were similar and the WM is cathodic and protected in comparison with the HAZ and PM. In flowing condition, the estimated flow rates associated with the different positions on the target vary depending on either (a) PM and HAZ or (b) the WM. The effects of target flow rate on WM have a similar trend, but the overall corrosion rates are greater due to PWC. The result of surface analysis after corrosion process showing that removal of hardened layer and subsurface cracking were causes of enhanced degradation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preferential Weld Corrosion of X65 Carbon Steel Pipeline Under Co2 Environment

Nofrizal¹

2020

SCOG

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“…Corrosion is identified as it occurs above water, in the splash zone, and subsea. In this part, we will discuss electrochemical metal corrosion protection to prevent corrosion in offshore gas platforms and underwater metal piping [183,184].…”

Section: Electrochemical Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Applied Electrochemistry: A Review

Yammine,

El-Nakat,

Kassab

et al. 2024

Chemistry

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Applied electrochemistry (AE) plays today an important role in a wide range of fields, including energy conversion and storage, processes, environment, (bio)analytical chemistry, and many others. Electrochemical synthesis is now proven as a promising pathway to avoid all disadvantages in terms of high energy consumption and high pollution, while electrochemical modeling becomes a powerful tool to understand complex systems and predict and optimize the electrochemical devices under various conditions, which reduce study time and cost. The vital role of electrochemistry will greatly be considered in the upcoming years, aiming to reduce carbon footprints and supporting the transition towards a green and more sustainable energy framework. This review article summarizes the recent advances in applied electrochemistry. It shows how this field has become an indispensable tool for innovation, progress, problem-solving in the modern world, and addressing societal challenges across diverse fields.

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“…Recent PWC field failures have been reviewed in the light of mitigation guidelines from recent literature [24]. Recent PWC field failures have been reviewed in the light of mitigation guidelines from recent literature [24].…”

Section: Weld Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, increased-preheat and high-heat input welding processes should be employed to minimize the susceptibility to PWC [24]. Therefore, the primary approach to minimize PWC is continuous corrosion inhibition.…”

Section: Weld Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport

2015

Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids

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Guidelines for Filler-Material Selection To Minimize Preferential Weld Corrosion in Pipeline Steels

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

The Preferential Weld Corrosion of X65 Carbon Steel Pipeline Under Co2 Environment

The Preferential Weld Corrosion of X65 Carbon Steel Pipeline Under Co2 Environment

Recent Advances in Applied Electrochemistry: A Review

Transport

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