Guidelines for electrocardiography. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Assessment of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Procedures (Committee on Electrocardiography).

Schlant, Robert C.; Adolph, Robert J.; DiMarco, John P.; Dreifus, Leonard S.; Dunn, Marvin; Fisch, Charlés; Garson, Arthur; Haywood, L. Julian; Levine, Herbert J.; Murray, J A

doi:10.1161/01.cir.85.3.1221

Cited by 90 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…20,21 Heart rate and blood pressure were measured, and a 12-lead ECG was recorded before exercise, at the end of each exercise stage, at peak exercise, and at 1-minute intervals during recovery. The test was discontinued for limiting symptoms (angina, dyspnea, and fatigue), abnormalities of rhythm or blood pressure, or marked and progressive ST-segment deviation.…”

Section: Exercise Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Capacity and the Risk of Death in Women

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background-Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among women and accounts for more than half of their deaths. Women have been underrepresented in most studies of cardiovascular disease. Reduced physical fitness has been shown to increase the risk of death in men. Exercise capacity measured by exercise stress test is an objective measure of physical fitness. The hypothesis that reduced exercise capacity is associated with an increased risk of death was investigated in a cohort of 5721 asymptomatic women who underwent baseline examinations in 1992. Methods and Results-Information collected at baseline included medical and family history, demographic characteristics, physical examination, and symptom-limited stress ECG, using the Bruce protocol. Exercise capacity was measured in metabolic equivalents (MET). Nonfasting blood was analyzed at baseline. A National Death Index search was performed to identify all-cause death and date of death up to the end of 2000. The mean age of participants at baseline was 52Ϯ11 years. Framingham Risk Score-adjusted hazards ratios (with 95% CI) of death associated with MET levels of Ͻ5, 5 to 8, and Ͼ8 were 3.1 (2.0 to 4.7), 1.9 (1.3 to 2.9), and 1.00, respectively. The Framingham Risk Score-adjusted mortality risk decreased by 17% for every 1-MET increase. Conclusions-This is the largest cohort of asymptomatic women studied in this context over the longest period of follow-up. This study confirms that exercise capacity is an independent predictor of death in asymptomatic women, greater than what has been previously established among men.

show abstract

Section: Exercise Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Capacity and the Risk of Death in Women

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Um fato de grande importância é o de que, nos pacientes com comprometimento vascular periférico, a limitação para a atividade física pode mascarar o surgimento da dor precordial (13,14). Como exemplo, cita-se o estudo de Pollock e cols.…”

Section: Doença Vascular Periféricaunclassified

“…Desde que foi introduzido no Brasil, em 1972, o teste de esforço experimentou extraordinário crescimento em sua aplicação (13,14). Como importante método de diagnóstico, passou a ser utilizado para evidenciar anormalidades cardiovasculares desencadeadas com o esforço físico, ausentes em repouso (14,28).…”

Section: Teste Ergométricounclassified

“…Como importante método de diagnóstico, passou a ser utilizado para evidenciar anormalidades cardiovasculares desencadeadas com o esforço físico, ausentes em repouso (14,28). Desde então, é um dos exames não-invasivos mais solicitados para avaliar pacientes com suspeita ou com doença cardiovascular conhecida.…”

Section: Teste Ergométricounclassified

“…O conceito básico da eletrocardiografia de esforço foi a descoberta de que o exercício físico por vezes produzia depressão do segmento ST nos portadores de isquemia do miocárdio (14). O primeiro trabalho abordando este tema foi publicado por Máster, Oppenheimer (1929), utilizando uma escada de dois degraus.…”

Section: Teste Ergométricounclassified

See 2 more Smart Citations

Doença cardiovascular em mulheres diabéticas assintomáticas

Smanio

2007

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMOA doença cardiovascular é a principal causa de morbi-mortalidade em pacientes diabéticos. A isquemia do miocárdio é freqüentemente assintomática, levando a um diagnóstico tardio e prejudicando o prognóstico. Como o risco de eventos cardiovasculares pode ser modificado pela triagem apropriada, a identificação precoce da doença arterial coronária é de grande benefício, em particular no sexo feminino. Ainda não há consenso sobre que paciente deve ser investigada e quando deve ser iniciada a investigação diagnóstica. A decisão sobre qual método diagnóstico não-invasivo deva ser o empregado na triagem inicial é complexa, devendo conhecer-se a prevalência da doença para justificar a investigação de rotina. Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of cardiac death among diabetic patients. The myocardial ischemia is frequently asymptomatic, leading to late diagnosis and making prognosis worse. This is particularly true for women, for whom this diagnostic is possibility often disregarded. Appropriate screening can modify the coronary artery disease risk. The early diagnosis is highly beneficial, particularly regarding females. The decision of which non-invasive diagnostic method should be used in the initial evaluation is difficult. There are several diagnostic methods to make the preliminary investigation of coronary artery disease in diabetic women even without cardiac symptoms, but there is still no consensus about who should be investigated and when should the first cardiac evaluation start. The prevalence of the disease, as well as the cardiac risk, must be known in order to justify a broad survey, mainly in the female population. DIABETES E DOENÇA CARDIOVASCULARA PREVALÊNCIA DE DIABETES vem aumentando rápida e continuamente nas últimas décadas, e toma proporções epidêmicas. Atualmente, estima-se que 150 milhões de indivíduos no mundo sejam portadores de diabetes, e que até o ano 2025 esse número esteja duplicado. Esses indivíduos são considerados de alto risco para desordens vasculares que afetam coração, cére-bro, rins e vasos periféricos (1,2). A prevalência crescente de obesidade e de sedentarismo nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, considerada

show abstract