Guidelines for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging from the Korean Society of Cardiovascular Imaging—Part 2: Interpretation of Cine, Flow, and Angiography Data

Lee, Jae Woo; Hur, Jee Hye; Yang, Dong Hyun; Lee, Bae Young; Im, Dong Jin; Hong, Su Jin; Kim, Eun Young; Park, Eun Ah; Jo, Yeseul; Kim, Jeong Jae; Park, Chul Hwan; Yong, Hwan Seok

doi:10.3348/kjr.2019.0407

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Cardiac cine MRI consists of a movie loop at different cardiac time points, and it assesses the contraction and function of the cardiac chambers ( 11 ). Cardiac velocity encoding MRI (VENC-MRI) allows tracing of the velocity and direction of blood flow during a cardiac cycle ( 12 14 ). To the best of our knowledge, no studies have been conducted on the use of cardiac MRI for LAA emptying after catheter ablation of AF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Left Atrial Appendage Isolation Using Cardiac MRI after Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Paradox of Appendage Reservoir

Cho

Shim

et al. 2021

Korean J Radiol

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Objective: To assess the effect of left atrial appendage (LAA) isolation on LAA emptying and left atrial (LA) function using cardiac MRI in patients who underwent successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 84 patients (mean age, 59 ± 10 years; 67 males) who underwent cardiac MRI after successful catheter ablation of AF. According to the electrical activity of LAA after catheter ablation, patients showed either LAA isolation or LAA normal activity. The LAA emptying phase (LAA-EP, in the systolic phase [SP] or diastolic phase), LAA emptying flux (LAA-EF, mL/s), and LA ejection fraction (LAEF, %) were evaluated by cardiac MRI. Results: Of the 84 patients, 61 (73%) and 23 (27%) patients showed LAA normal activity and LAA isolation, respectively. Incidence of LAA emptying in SP was significantly higher in LAA isolation (91% vs. 0%, p < 0.001) than in LAA normal activation. LAA-EF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (40.1 ± 16.2 mL/s vs. 80.2 ± 25.1 mL/s, p < 0.001) than in LAA normal activity. Furthermore, LAEF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (23.7% ± 11.2% vs. 31.1% ± 16.6%, p = 0.04) than in LAA normal activity. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the LAA-EP was independent from LAEF (p = 0.01). Conclusion: LAA emptying in SP may be a critical characteristic of LAA isolation, and it may adversely affect the LAEF after catheter ablation of AF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Left Atrial Appendage Isolation Using Cardiac MRI after Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Paradox of Appendage Reservoir

Cho

Shim

et al. 2021

Korean J Radiol

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“…More recently, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a complementary tool for noninvasively evaluating AS [ 2 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ]. Studies have shown its usefulness for the assessment of AVA and aortic hemodynamic parameters, either by planimetry of cine anatomical images or by analyzing velocity-encoded images using the continuity equation [ 14 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Aortic Valve Planimetry with High-Resolution 3-Dimensional MRI and Its Comparison with Conventional Cine MRI and Echocardiography for Assessing the Severity of Aortic Valvular Stenosis

et al. 2021

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Objective We aimed to compare the aortic valve area (AVA) calculated using fast high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) image acquisition with that of the conventional two-dimensional (2D) cine MR technique. Materials and Methods We included 139 consecutive patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 68.5 ± 9.4 years) with aortic valvular stenosis (AS) and 21 asymptomatic controls (52.3 ± 14.2 years). High-resolution T2-prepared 3D steady-state free precession (SSFP) images (2.0 mm slice thickness, 10 contiguous slices) for 3D planimetry (3DP) were acquired with a single breath hold during mid-systole. 2D SSFP cine MR images (6.0 mm slice thickness) for 2D planimetry (2DP) were also obtained at three aortic valve levels. The calculations for the effective AVA based on the MR images were compared with the transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) measurements using the continuity equation. Results The mean AVA ± SD derived by 3DP, 2DP, and TTE in the AS group were 0.81 ± 0.26 cm 2 , 0.82 ± 0.34 cm 2 , and 0.80 ± 0.26 cm 2 , respectively ( p = 0.366). The intra-observer agreement was higher for 3DP than 2DP in one observer: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–0.97) and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82–0.91), respectively, for observer 1 and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.96–0.98) and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.97–0.99), respectively, for observer 2. Inter-observer agreement was similar between 3DP and 2DP, with the ICC of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.89–0.94) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.93), respectively. 3DP-derived AVA showed a slightly higher agreement with AVA measured by TTE than the 2DP-derived AVA, with the ICC of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82–0.91) vs. 0.85 (95% CI, 0.79–0.89). Conclusion High-resolution 3D MR image acquisition, with single-breath-hold SSFP sequences, gave AVA measurement with low observer variability that correlated highly with those obtained by TTE.

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“…Magnetic resonance (MR) contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) can assess the extent and distribution of ischemia (1)(2)(3). In comparison to singlephoton emission CT or positron emission tomography, the established methods for clinical evaluation of myocardial perfusion, MR MPI offers superior spatial resolution with https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2019.0449…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Dark Rim Artifact in First-Pass Myocardial Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Due to Visual Illusion

Shin

Nayak

2020

Korean J Radiol

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Objective: To demonstrate that human visual illusion can contribute to sub-endocardial dark rim artifact in contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance images. Materials and Methods: Numerical phantoms were generated to simulate the first-passage of contrast agent in the heart, and rendered in conventional gray scale as well as in color scale with reduced luminance variation. Cardiac perfusion images were acquired from two healthy volunteers, and were displayed by the same gray and color scales used in the numerical study. Before and after k-space windowing, the left ventricle (LV)-myocardium boarders were analyzed visually and quantitatively through intensity profiles perpendicular the boarders. Results: k-space windowing yielded monotonically decreasing signal intensity near the LV-myocardium boarder in the phantom images, as confirmed by negative finite difference values near the board ranging-1.07 to-0.14. However, the dark band still appears, which is perceived by visual illusion. Dark rim is perceived in the in-vivo images after k-space windowing that removed the quantitative signal dip, suggesting that the perceived dark rim is a visual illusion. The perceived dark rim is stronger at peak LV enhancement than the peak myocardial enhancement, due to the larger intensity difference between LV and myocardium. In both numerical phantom and in-vivo images, the illusory dark band is not visible in the color map due to reduced luminance variation. Conclusion: Visual illusion is another potential cause of dark rim artifact in contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion MRI as demonstrated by illusory rim perceived in the absence of quantitative intensity undershoot.

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Guidelines for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging from the Korean Society of Cardiovascular Imaging—Part 2: Interpretation of Cine, Flow, and Angiography Data

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Evaluation of Left Atrial Appendage Isolation Using Cardiac MRI after Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Paradox of Appendage Reservoir

Evaluation of Left Atrial Appendage Isolation Using Cardiac MRI after Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Paradox of Appendage Reservoir

A New Method for Aortic Valve Planimetry with High-Resolution 3-Dimensional MRI and Its Comparison with Conventional Cine MRI and Echocardiography for Assessing the Severity of Aortic Valvular Stenosis

Perceived Dark Rim Artifact in First-Pass Myocardial Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Due to Visual Illusion

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