Guidelines for biomarkers in autoimmune rheumatic diseases - evidence based analysis

Abstract

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases are characterised by an abnormal immune system response, complement activation, cytokines dysregulation and inflammation. In last years, despite many progresses in managing these patients, it has been shown that clinical remission is reached in less than 50% of patients and a personalised and tailored therapeutic approach is still lacking resulting in a significant gap between guidelines and real-world practice. In this context, the need for biomarkers facilitating early diagnosis and profiling those individuals at the highest risk for a poor outcome has become of crucial interest. A biomarker generally refers to a measured characteristic which may be used as an indicator of some biological state or condition. Three different types of medical biomarkers has been suggested: i. mechanistic markers; ii. clinical disease markers; iii. therapeutic markers. A combination of biomarkers from these different groups could be used for an ideal more accurate diagnosis and treatment. However, although a growing body of evidence is focused on improving biomarkers, a significant amount of this information is not integrated on standard clinical care. The overarching aim of this work was to clarify the meaning of specific biomarkers during autoimmune diseases; their possible role in confirming diagnosis, predicting outcome and suggesting specific treatments.

Predicting lymphoma development in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome

“…Laboratory biomarkers may be investigated either in biologic fluids (blood, saliva, urine) or directly in pathologic tissue biopsies in pSS [88]. Within the HarmonicSS project (European Union Grant 731944; https://harmonicss.eu), the investigation of biomarkers is one major task to improve patient stratification.…”

Prospects for Anti-B-Cell Therapy in Immuno-Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

“…Изучение динамики цитокинового профиля имеет важное значение для мониторинга и прогнозирования эффективности терапии ГИБП [35,[382][383][384]. Нами исследованы динамика концентрации аутоантител и цитокинов у больных РА через 12 и 24 нед на фоне терапии препаратом Ацеллбия ® в сопоставлении с препаратом Мабтера ® у 54 пациентов с РА.…”

Changes of NADH Fluorescence from the Skin of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

“…Skin manifestations are found in the majority (73-85%) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [1]. Beside the skin, SLE affects various organs and manifests with different clinical presentations [2]. SLE is a model autoimmune rheumatic disease, and although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, it is thought to arise through an interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental, immunological, and hormonal factors [3].…”