Guidelines and quantitative standards to improve consistency in cetacean subspecies and species delimitation relying on molecular genetic data

Taylor, Barbara L.; Archer, Frederick I.; Martien, Karen K.; Rosel, Patricia E.; Hancock‐Hanser, Brittany L.; Lang, Aimée R.; Leslie, Matthew S.; Mesnick, Sarah L.; Morin, Phillip A.; Pease, Victoria; Perrin, William F.; Robertson, Kelly M.; Parsons, Kim M.; Viricel, Amélia; Vollmer, Nicole L.; Cipriano, Frank; Reeves, Randall R.; Krützen, Michael; Baker, C. Scott

doi:10.1111/mms.12411

Cited by 66 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…The threshold value above which diagnosability is high enough to warrant subspecies delimitation is discussed in detail by Taylor et al . () and Archer et al . ().…”

Section: Evaluating Diagnosabilitymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Taylor et al . () propose using these values of d A as quantitative thresholds for delimiting subspecies of cetaceans using mtDNA control region sequence data.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Evaluating Taxonomic Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taylor et al . () include an estimate of diagnosability from a multivariate method (Random Forests; Archer et al . ) in their quantitative guidelines for delineating subspecies based on mtDNA control region sequence.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Evaluating Taxonomic Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these comparisons, Taylor et al . () propose quantitative standards for delimiting cetacean subspecies. We refer readers to these papers.…”

Section: Summary Of Seven Analytical Approaches Useful In Genetic Taxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taylor et al . () use Rosel et al . 's results to develop quantitative standards for delimiting cetacean subspecies using mtDNA control region data, acknowledging that some comparisons will still fall in the “gray zone” of overlap between different taxonomic levels.…”

Section: Evaluating Separate Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical approaches to subspecies delimitation with genetic data

Martien

Leslie

Taylor

et al. 2017

Marine Mammal Science

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The vast and remote distributions and large body size of most cetaceans make it difficult to obtain and maintain morphological collections adequate for advancing sound taxonomic arguments. Consequently, genetic data are playing an increasingly important role in cetacean species and subspecies delimitation. We review seven categories of analytical methods useful in delimiting subspecies based on genetic data. For each category, we summarize its utility in evaluating putative subspecies, the types of markers to which it can be applied, and potential challenges in interpreting results in a taxonomic context. We focus on the utility of each type of method to evaluate the critical features distinguishing subspecies from populations and species: the degree of diagnosability between putative taxa and the extent to which the putative taxa have diverged along separate evolutionary pathways. We conclude that diagnosability is best estimated with either assignment tests or multivariate methods, while evaluating the degree of divergence requires a synthesis of multiple lines of evidence derived from different analytical methods and different data types, including nongenetic data.

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“…The threshold value above which diagnosability is high enough to warrant subspecies delimitation is discussed in detail by Taylor et al . () and Archer et al . ().…”

Section: Evaluating Diagnosabilitymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Taylor et al . () propose using these values of d A as quantitative thresholds for delimiting subspecies of cetaceans using mtDNA control region sequence data.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Evaluating Taxonomic Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Methods For Evaluating Taxonomic Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these comparisons, Taylor et al . () propose quantitative standards for delimiting cetacean subspecies. We refer readers to these papers.…”

Section: Summary Of Seven Analytical Approaches Useful In Genetic Taxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluating Separate Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical approaches to subspecies delimitation with genetic data

Martien

Leslie

Taylor

et al. 2017

Marine Mammal Science

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Geospatial genetics: Integrating genetics into marine protection and spatial planning

Kershaw

McClintock

Andrews

et al. 2021

Aquatic Conservation

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The protection of evolutionary processes and maintenance of genetic diversity is necessary for the persistence of biodiversity and ecosystem resilience. The importance of genetic diversity has been reflected in a range of marine policy mechanisms, and the genetic ‘toolbox’ has great potential to support marine protection and marine spatial planning (MSP) at multiple scales. Despite scientific advances in the application of genetics in marine protection and management, systematic integration of genetic information has been generally lacking, primarily due to a knowledge and communication disconnect between geneticists and the marine policy and management community. To meet these outstanding needs, a ‘geospatial genetics’ approach to spatially map species‐specific genetic data and associated information in a way that can be readily integrated by practitioners into marine protection and MSP decisions was developed. Techniques to derive geospatial genetic data layers, which can be viewed and mapped alongside other kinds of spatial data commonly used by conservation practitioners, hold promise for increasing the accessibility of genetic data to support policy decisions more fully. While applicable to many mobile and sessile taxa, an initial focus was placed on marine mammals, and the approach was developed and refined through a series of international meetings and published papers, as well as the development of interactive, expert‐reviewed case studies hosted on the MSP tool SeaSketch. Outcomes of the work to date are currently serving in the policy arena by informing the identification of Important Marine Mammal Areas, an initiative led by the IUCN Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force to apply criteria to identify marine mammal habitats across the world's ocean, seas and relevant inland waters through a standardized process. It has become clear that geospatial genetics has great potential to foster increased collaboration among an intersectional community of geneticists, spatial ecologists, and practitioners. This increased opportunity for dialogue and cooperation will help ensure that evolutionary processes are factored into marine protection and MSP processes, and potentially for freshwater and terrestrial systems.

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Phylogeography and demographic inference of the endangered sei whale, with implications for conservation

Pérez‐Álvarez

Rodríguez

Kraft

et al. 2021

Aquatic Conservation

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1. The sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) presents a disjointed geographic distribution.Significant genetic divergence between sei whales from the North Atlantic (NA) and North Pacific (NP) have been recorded; however, limited samples from the Southern Hemisphere (SH) have precluded a global analysis.2. The largest recorded mass mortality event occurred in Golfo de Penas, southern Chile, providing a primary source of SH samples. A global mitochondrial DNA phylogeographic study was undertaken including 111 SH samples (98 from Golfo de Penas), and new sequences from the NP.3. A marked phylogeographic structure was observed between the three ocean basins' populations, with the highest Φ ST values between NA-NP and NA-SH, and a lower but still significant value between SH-NP. This structure, and the haplotype distribution pattern, suggest a more recent separation between SH-NP and an absence of recurrent gene flow among all three populations. Only one potential migratory event was detected from SH to NA. 4. These results support an ongoing phylogeographic differentiation between all populations, highlighting the identity of each and the importance of independent management. Therefore, each population should represent a separate management unit, which is important in the development of conservation strategies. Demographic analyses detected a recent reduction of population size in the SHand NA, but not in the NP. For all populations, estimated effective population sizes were higher than estimated census sizes. This suggests that most of the genetic diversity of pre-whaling populations is still retained; however, continued reduction in population sizes could lead to future loss of genetic diversity.6. This study highlights the necessity of local protection and systematic monitoring of the Golfo de Penas sei whale population. In such a remote area the use of remote sensing techniques could be a cost-effective option for evaluating the threat, periodicity and magnitude of mortalities and their effect on the local whale population. The integration of genetic and demographic approaches improves the understanding of the dynamics of populations, which is particularly useful in endangered species.

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Guidelines and quantitative standards to improve consistency in cetacean subspecies and species delimitation relying on molecular genetic data

Cited by 66 publications

References 88 publications

Analytical approaches to subspecies delimitation with genetic data

Analytical approaches to subspecies delimitation with genetic data

Geospatial genetics: Integrating genetics into marine protection and spatial planning

Phylogeography and demographic inference of the endangered sei whale, with implications for conservation

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