Guide to Revamping Process Units

Lieberman, Norman P.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816161-6.00018-7

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Additionally, about 70% of steam condensate recovery is assumed to include potential steam leaks, condensate losses, steam trap failures and other possible inefficiencies in the steam generation and usage. 53 Taking this into account, the total fresh water requirements are 13.44 and 0.73 m w 3 /kg product for base case and enhanced process respectively. Therefore, apart from drastically decreasing the energy requirements, the use of MVR and heat integration also results in a 94.6% reduction in water consumption.…”

Section: Sustainability Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning waste into value: eco‐efficient recovery of by‐products from biomass pretreatment in lignocellulosic biorefineries

Janković,

Straathof,

Kiss

2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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This original research contributes to enhancing the viability of biorefineries through recovering valuable by‐products from the liquid remaining after the biomass pretreatment by hot liquid water. A novel downstream processing method is developed for the recovery of acetic acid, formic acid, furfural and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by enhanced distillation. The major challenge in this research is the processing of the highly diluted initial solution (>96 wt% water) and the thermodynamic limitations owing to possible formation of several azeotropes. This new process recovers 78.7% of the acetic acid (99.8 wt%), while the rest of it is recycled back to the biomass pretreatment step together with most of the separated water from the initial solution. Over 99.5% of formic acid, furfural and HMF is also recovered, at purities of 74.7, 98.0 and 100 wt%, respectively. Vapor recompression and heat integration are implemented to decrease the energy use. The results demonstrate a 77.4% decrease in total annual costs (from $3.44 to 0.78/kgproduct), a 75.0% reduction in minimum average selling price (from $3.50 to 0.87/kgproduct), an 81.1% reduction in energy requirements (from 77.41 to 14.66 kWthh/kgproduct) and an up to 99.7% decrease in CO2 emissions (from 11.17 to 0.03 kgCO2/kgproduct).

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Section: Sustainability Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%